/**************************************************************************
 * Copyright(c) 1998-1999, ALICE Experiment at CERN, All rights reserved. *
 *                                                                        *
 * Author: The ALICE Off-line Project.                                    *
 * Contributors are mentioned in the code where appropriate.              *
 *                                                                        *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its   *
 * documentation strictly for non-commercial purposes is hereby granted   *
 * without fee, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all   *
 * copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission notice   *
 * appear in the supporting documentation. The authors make no claims     *
 * about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is          *
 * provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.                  *
 **************************************************************************/


///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/*

Origin: marian.ivanov@cern.ch

Generate complex MC information - used for Comparison later on
How to use it?

.L 
AliGenInfoMaker *t = new AliGenInfoMaker("galice.root","genTracks.root",0,0)
t->Exec();

*/

#if !defined(__CINT__) || defined(__MAKECINT__)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
//ROOT includes
#include "TROOT.h"
#include "Rtypes.h"
#include "TFile.h"
#include "TTree.h"
#include "TChain.h"
#include "TCut.h"
#include "TString.h"
#include "TBenchmark.h"
#include "TStopwatch.h"
#include "TParticle.h"
#include "TSystem.h"
#include "TTimer.h"
#include "TVector3.h"
#include "TH1F.h"
#include "TH2F.h"
#include "TCanvas.h"
#include "TPad.h"
#include "TF1.h"
#include "TView.h"
#include "TView3D.h"
#include "TGeometry.h"
#include "TPolyLine3D.h"

//ALIROOT includes
#include "AliRun.h"
#include "AliStack.h"
#include "AliSimDigits.h"
#include "AliTPCParam.h"
#include "AliTPC.h"
#include "AliTPCLoader.h"
#include "AliDetector.h"
#include "AliTrackReference.h"
#include "AliTPCParamSR.h"
#include "AliTracker.h"
#include "AliMagF.h"
#include "AliHelix.h"
#include "AliPoints.h"
#include "AliTrackPointArray.h"

#endif
#include "AliGenInfo.h" 
//
// 

ClassImp(AliTPCdigitRow);
ClassImp(AliMCInfo);
ClassImp(AliGenV0Info)
ClassImp(AliGenKinkInfo)
ClassImp(AliGenInfoMaker)



AliTPCParam * GetTPCParam(){
  AliTPCParamSR * par = new AliTPCParamSR;
  par->Update();
  return par;
}


//_____________________________________________________________________________
Float_t TPCBetheBloch(Float_t bg)
{
  //
  // Bethe-Bloch energy loss formula
  //
  const Double_t kp1=0.76176e-1;
  const Double_t kp2=10.632;
  const Double_t kp3=0.13279e-4;
  const Double_t kp4=1.8631;
  const Double_t kp5=1.9479;

  Double_t dbg = (Double_t) bg;

  Double_t beta = dbg/TMath::Sqrt(1.+dbg*dbg);

  Double_t aa = TMath::Power(beta,kp4);
  Double_t bb = TMath::Power(1./dbg,kp5);

  bb=TMath::Log(kp3+bb);
  
  return ((Float_t)((kp2-aa-bb)*kp1/aa));
}





////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
AliMCInfo::AliMCInfo()
{
  fTPCReferences  = new TClonesArray("AliTrackReference",10);
  fITSReferences  = new TClonesArray("AliTrackReference",10);
  fTRDReferences  = new TClonesArray("AliTrackReference",10);
  fTOFReferences  = new TClonesArray("AliTrackReference",10);
  fTRdecay.SetTrack(-1);
  fCharge = 0;
}

AliMCInfo::~AliMCInfo()
{
  if (fTPCReferences) {
    delete fTPCReferences;
  }
  if (fITSReferences){
    delete fITSReferences;
  }
  if (fTRDReferences){    
    delete fTRDReferences;  
  }
  if (fTOFReferences){    
    delete fTOFReferences;  
  }

}



void AliMCInfo::Update()
{
  //
  //
  fMCtracks =1;
  if (!fTPCReferences) {
    fNTPCRef =0;
    return;
  }
  Float_t direction=1;
  //Float_t rlast=0;
  fNTPCRef = fTPCReferences->GetEntriesFast();
  fNITSRef = fITSReferences->GetEntriesFast();
  fNTRDRef = fTRDReferences->GetEntriesFast();
  fNTOFRef = fTOFReferences->GetEntriesFast();
  
  for (Int_t iref =0;iref<fTPCReferences->GetEntriesFast();iref++){
    AliTrackReference * ref = (AliTrackReference *) fTPCReferences->At(iref);
    //Float_t r = (ref->X()*ref->X()+ref->Y()*ref->Y());
    Float_t newdirection = ref->X()*ref->Px()+ref->Y()*ref->Py(); //inside or outside
    if (iref==0) direction = newdirection;
    if ( newdirection*direction<0){
      //changed direction
      direction = newdirection;
      fMCtracks+=1;
    }
    //rlast=r;			    
  }
  //
  // decay info
  fTPCdecay=kFALSE;
  if (fTRdecay.GetTrack()>0){
    fDecayCoord[0] = fTRdecay.X();
    fDecayCoord[1] = fTRdecay.Y();
    fDecayCoord[2] = fTRdecay.Z();
    if ( (fTRdecay.R()<250)&&(fTRdecay.R()>85) && (TMath::Abs(fTRdecay.Z())<250) ){
      fTPCdecay=kTRUE;     
    }
    else{
      fDecayCoord[0] = 0;
      fDecayCoord[1] = 0;
      fDecayCoord[2] = 0;
    }
  }
  //
  //
  //digits information update
  fRowsWithDigits    = fTPCRow.RowsOn();    
  fRowsWithDigitsInn = fTPCRow.RowsOn(63); // 63 = number of inner rows
  fRowsTrackLength   = fTPCRow.Last() - fTPCRow.First();
  //
  //
  // calculate primary ionization per cm  
  if (fParticle.GetPDG()){
    fMass = fParticle.GetMass();  
    fCharge = fParticle.GetPDG()->Charge();
    if (fTPCReferences->GetEntriesFast()>0){
      fTrackRef = *((AliTrackReference*)fTPCReferences->At(0));
    }
    if (fMass>0){
      Float_t p = TMath::Sqrt(fTrackRef.Px()*fTrackRef.Px()+
			      fTrackRef.Py()*fTrackRef.Py()+
			      fTrackRef.Pz()*fTrackRef.Pz());    
      if (p>0.001){
	Float_t betagama = p /fMass;
	fPrim = TPCBetheBloch(betagama);
      }else fPrim=0;
    }
  }else{
    fMass =0;
    fPrim =0;
  }  
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/*
void AliGenV0Info::Update()
{
  fMCPd[0] = fMCd.fParticle.Px();
  fMCPd[1] = fMCd.fParticle.Py();
  fMCPd[2] = fMCd.fParticle.Pz();
  fMCPd[3] = fMCd.fParticle.P();
  //
  fMCX[0]  = fMCd.fParticle.Vx();
  fMCX[1]  = fMCd.fParticle.Vy();
  fMCX[2]  = fMCd.fParticle.Vz();
  fMCR       = TMath::Sqrt( fMCX[0]*fMCX[0]+fMCX[1]*fMCX[1]);
  //
  fPdg[0]    = fMCd.fParticle.GetPdgCode();
  fPdg[1]    = fMCm.fParticle.GetPdgCode();
  //
  fLab[0]    = fMCd.fParticle.GetUniqueID();
  fLab[1]    = fMCm.fParticle.GetUniqueID();
  //  
}
*/

void AliGenV0Info::Update(Float_t vertex[3])
{
  fMCPd[0] = fMCd.fParticle.Px();
  fMCPd[1] = fMCd.fParticle.Py();
  fMCPd[2] = fMCd.fParticle.Pz();
  fMCPd[3] = fMCd.fParticle.P();
  //
  fMCX[0]  = fMCd.fParticle.Vx();
  fMCX[1]  = fMCd.fParticle.Vy();
  fMCX[2]  = fMCd.fParticle.Vz();
  fMCR       = TMath::Sqrt( fMCX[0]*fMCX[0]+fMCX[1]*fMCX[1]);
  //
  fPdg[0]    = fMCd.fParticle.GetPdgCode();
  fPdg[1]    = fMCm.fParticle.GetPdgCode();
  //
  fLab[0]    = fMCd.fParticle.GetUniqueID();
  fLab[1]    = fMCm.fParticle.GetUniqueID();
  //
  //
  //
  Double_t x1[3],p1[3];
  TParticle & pdaughter = fMCd.fParticle;
  x1[0] = pdaughter.Vx();      
  x1[1] = pdaughter.Vy();
  x1[2] = pdaughter.Vz();
  p1[0] = pdaughter.Px();
  p1[1] = pdaughter.Py();
  p1[2] = pdaughter.Pz();
  Double_t sign = (pdaughter.GetPDG()->Charge()>0)? -1:1;
  AliHelix dhelix1(x1,p1,sign);
  //
  //
  Double_t x2[3],p2[3];            
  //
  TParticle & pmother = fMCm.fParticle;
  x2[0] = pmother.Vx();      
  x2[1] = pmother.Vy();      
  x2[2] = pmother.Vz();      
  p2[0] = pmother.Px();
  p2[1] = pmother.Py();
  p2[2] = pmother.Pz();
  //
  //
  sign = (pmother.GetPDG()->Charge()>0) ? -1:1;
  AliHelix mhelix(x2,p2,sign);
  
  //
  //
  //
  //find intersection linear
  //
  Double_t distance1, distance2;
  Double_t phase[2][2],radius[2];
  Int_t  points = dhelix1.GetRPHIintersections(mhelix, phase, radius);
  Double_t delta1=10000,delta2=10000;    
  if (points>0){
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[0][0],phase[0][1],radius[0],delta1);
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[0][0],phase[0][1],radius[0],delta1);
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[0][0],phase[0][1],radius[0],delta1);
  }
  else{
    fInvMass=-1;
    return;
  }
  if (points==2){    
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[1][0],phase[1][1],radius[1],delta2);
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[1][0],phase[1][1],radius[1],delta2);
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[1][0],phase[1][1],radius[1],delta2);
  }
  distance1 = TMath::Min(delta1,delta2);
  //
  //find intersection parabolic
  //
  points = dhelix1.GetRPHIintersections(mhelix, phase, radius);
  delta1=10000,delta2=10000;  
  
  if (points>0){
    dhelix1.ParabolicDCA(mhelix,phase[0][0],phase[0][1],radius[0],delta1);
  }
  if (points==2){    
    dhelix1.ParabolicDCA(mhelix,phase[1][0],phase[1][1],radius[1],delta2);
  }
  
  distance2 = TMath::Min(delta1,delta2);
  //
  if (delta1<delta2){
    //get V0 info
    dhelix1.Evaluate(phase[0][0],fMCXr);
    dhelix1.GetMomentum(phase[0][0],fMCPdr);
    mhelix.GetMomentum(phase[0][1],fMCPm);
    dhelix1.GetAngle(phase[0][0],mhelix,phase[0][1],fMCAngle);
    fMCRr = TMath::Sqrt(radius[0]);
  }
  else{
    dhelix1.Evaluate(phase[1][0],fMCXr);
    dhelix1.GetMomentum(phase[1][0],fMCPdr);
    mhelix.GetMomentum(phase[1][1],fMCPm);
    dhelix1.GetAngle(phase[1][0],mhelix,phase[1][1],fMCAngle);
    fMCRr = TMath::Sqrt(radius[1]);
  }     
  //            
  //
  fMCDist1 = TMath::Sqrt(distance1);
  fMCDist2 = TMath::Sqrt(distance2);      
  //
  //
  // 
  Float_t v[3] = {fMCXr[0]-vertex[0],fMCXr[1]-vertex[1],fMCXr[2]-vertex[2]};
  //Float_t v[3] = {fMCXr[0],fMCXr[1],fMCXr[2]};
  Float_t p[3] = {fMCPdr[0]+fMCPm[0], fMCPdr[1]+fMCPm[1],fMCPdr[2]+fMCPm[2]};
  Float_t vnorm2 = v[0]*v[0]+v[1]*v[1];
  Float_t vnorm3 = TMath::Sqrt(v[2]*v[2]+vnorm2);
  vnorm2 = TMath::Sqrt(vnorm2);
  Float_t pnorm2 = p[0]*p[0]+p[1]*p[1];
  Float_t pnorm3 = TMath::Sqrt(p[2]*p[2]+pnorm2);
  pnorm2 = TMath::Sqrt(pnorm2);
  //
  fPointAngleFi = (v[0]*p[0]+v[1]*p[1])/(vnorm2*pnorm2);
  fPointAngleTh = (v[2]*p[2]+vnorm2*pnorm2)/(vnorm3*pnorm3);  
  fPointAngle   = (v[0]*p[0]+v[1]*p[1]+v[2]*p[2])/(vnorm3*pnorm3);
  Double_t mass1 = fMCd.fMass;
  Double_t mass2 = fMCm.fMass;

  
  Double_t e1    = TMath::Sqrt(mass1*mass1+
			      fMCPd[0]*fMCPd[0]+
			      fMCPd[1]*fMCPd[1]+
			      fMCPd[2]*fMCPd[2]);
  Double_t e2    = TMath::Sqrt(mass2*mass2+
			      fMCPm[0]*fMCPm[0]+
			      fMCPm[1]*fMCPm[1]+
			      fMCPm[2]*fMCPm[2]);
  
  fInvMass =  
    (fMCPm[0]+fMCPd[0])*(fMCPm[0]+fMCPd[0])+
    (fMCPm[1]+fMCPd[1])*(fMCPm[1]+fMCPd[1])+
    (fMCPm[2]+fMCPd[2])*(fMCPm[2]+fMCPd[2]);
  
  //  fInvMass = TMath::Sqrt((e1+e2)*(e1+e2)-fInvMass);
  fInvMass = (e1+e2)*(e1+e2)-fInvMass;
  if (fInvMass>0) fInvMass = TMath::Sqrt(fInvMass);

    
}



/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void AliGenKinkInfo::Update()
{
  fMCPd[0] = fMCd.fParticle.Px();
  fMCPd[1] = fMCd.fParticle.Py();
  fMCPd[2] = fMCd.fParticle.Pz();
  fMCPd[3] = fMCd.fParticle.P();
  //
  fMCX[0]  = fMCd.fParticle.Vx();
  fMCX[1]  = fMCd.fParticle.Vy();
  fMCX[2]  = fMCd.fParticle.Vz();
  fMCR       = TMath::Sqrt( fMCX[0]*fMCX[0]+fMCX[1]*fMCX[1]);
  //
  fPdg[0]    = fMCd.fParticle.GetPdgCode();
  fPdg[1]    = fMCm.fParticle.GetPdgCode();
  //
  fLab[0]    = fMCd.fParticle.GetUniqueID();
  fLab[1]    = fMCm.fParticle.GetUniqueID();
  //
  //
  //
  Double_t x1[3],p1[3];
  TParticle & pdaughter = fMCd.fParticle;
  x1[0] = pdaughter.Vx();      
  x1[1] = pdaughter.Vy();
  x1[2] = pdaughter.Vz();
  p1[0] = pdaughter.Px();
  p1[1] = pdaughter.Py();
  p1[2] = pdaughter.Pz();
  Double_t sign = (pdaughter.GetPDG()->Charge()>0)? -1:1;
  AliHelix dhelix1(x1,p1,sign);
  //
  //
  Double_t x2[3],p2[3];            
  //
  TParticle & pmother = fMCm.fParticle;
  x2[0] = pmother.Vx();      
  x2[1] = pmother.Vy();      
  x2[2] = pmother.Vz();      
  p2[0] = pmother.Px();
  p2[1] = pmother.Py();
  p2[2] = pmother.Pz();
  //
  AliTrackReference & pdecay = fMCm.fTRdecay;
  x2[0] = pdecay.X();      
  x2[1] = pdecay.Y();      
  x2[2] = pdecay.Z();      
  p2[0] = pdecay.Px();
  p2[1] = pdecay.Py();
  p2[2] = pdecay.Pz();
  //
  sign = (pmother.GetPDG()->Charge()>0) ? -1:1;
  AliHelix mhelix(x2,p2,sign);
  
  //
  //
  //
  //find intersection linear
  //
  Double_t distance1, distance2;
  Double_t phase[2][2],radius[2];
  Int_t  points = dhelix1.GetRPHIintersections(mhelix, phase, radius);
  Double_t delta1=10000,delta2=10000;    
  if (points>0){
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[0][0],phase[0][1],radius[0],delta1);
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[0][0],phase[0][1],radius[0],delta1);
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[0][0],phase[0][1],radius[0],delta1);
  }
  if (points==2){    
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[1][0],phase[1][1],radius[1],delta2);
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[1][0],phase[1][1],radius[1],delta2);
    dhelix1.LinearDCA(mhelix,phase[1][0],phase[1][1],radius[1],delta2);
  }
  distance1 = TMath::Min(delta1,delta2);
  //
  //find intersection parabolic
  //
  points = dhelix1.GetRPHIintersections(mhelix, phase, radius);
  delta1=10000,delta2=10000;  
  
  if (points>0){
    dhelix1.ParabolicDCA(mhelix,phase[0][0],phase[0][1],radius[0],delta1);
  }
  if (points==2){    
    dhelix1.ParabolicDCA(mhelix,phase[1][0],phase[1][1],radius[1],delta2);
  }
  
  distance2 = TMath::Min(delta1,delta2);
  //
  if (delta1<delta2){
    //get V0 info
    dhelix1.Evaluate(phase[0][0],fMCXr);
    dhelix1.GetMomentum(phase[0][0],fMCPdr);
    mhelix.GetMomentum(phase[0][1],fMCPm);
    dhelix1.GetAngle(phase[0][0],mhelix,phase[0][1],fMCAngle);
    fMCRr = TMath::Sqrt(radius[0]);
  }
  else{
    dhelix1.Evaluate(phase[1][0],fMCXr);
    dhelix1.GetMomentum(phase[1][0],fMCPdr);
    mhelix.GetMomentum(phase[1][1],fMCPm);
    dhelix1.GetAngle(phase[1][0],mhelix,phase[1][1],fMCAngle);
    fMCRr = TMath::Sqrt(radius[1]);
  }     
  //            
  //
  fMCDist1 = TMath::Sqrt(distance1);
  fMCDist2 = TMath::Sqrt(distance2);      
    
}


Float_t AliGenKinkInfo::GetQt(){
  //
  //
  Float_t momentumd = TMath::Sqrt(fMCPd[0]*fMCPd[0]+fMCPd[1]*fMCPd[1]+fMCPd[2]*fMCPd[2]);
  return TMath::Sin(fMCAngle[2])*momentumd;
}



  
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// End of implementation of the class AliMCInfo
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////



////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
AliTPCdigitRow::AliTPCdigitRow()
{
  Reset();
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
AliTPCdigitRow & AliTPCdigitRow::operator=(const AliTPCdigitRow &digOld)
{
  for (Int_t i = 0; i<kgRowBytes; i++) fDig[i] = digOld.fDig[i];
  return (*this);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void AliTPCdigitRow::SetRow(Int_t row) 
{
  if (row >= 8*kgRowBytes) {
    cerr<<"AliTPCdigitRow::SetRow: index "<<row<<" out of bounds."<<endl;
    return;
  }
  Int_t iC = row/8;
  Int_t iB = row%8;
  SETBIT(fDig[iC],iB);
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Bool_t AliTPCdigitRow::TestRow(Int_t row)
{
//
// return kTRUE if row is on
//
  Int_t iC = row/8;
  Int_t iB = row%8;
  return TESTBIT(fDig[iC],iB);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliTPCdigitRow::RowsOn(Int_t upto)
{
//
// returns number of rows with a digit  
// count only rows less equal row number upto
//
  Int_t total = 0;
  for (Int_t i = 0; i<kgRowBytes; i++) {
    for (Int_t j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
      if (i*8+j > upto) return total;
      if (TESTBIT(fDig[i],j))  total++;
    }
  }
  return total;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void AliTPCdigitRow::Reset()
{
//
// resets all rows to zero
//
  for (Int_t i = 0; i<kgRowBytes; i++) {
    fDig[i] <<= 8;
  }
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliTPCdigitRow::Last()
{
//
// returns the last row number with a digit
// returns -1 if now digits 
//
  for (Int_t i = kgRowBytes-1; i>=0; i--) {
    for (Int_t j = 7; j >= 0; j--) {
      if TESTBIT(fDig[i],j) return i*8+j;
    }
  }
  return -1;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliTPCdigitRow::First()
{
//
// returns the first row number with a digit
// returns -1 if now digits 
//
  for (Int_t i = 0; i<kgRowBytes; i++) {
    for (Int_t j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
      if (TESTBIT(fDig[i],j)) return i*8+j;
    }
  }
  return -1;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// end of implementation of a class AliTPCdigitRow
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
AliGenInfoMaker::AliGenInfoMaker()
{
  Reset();
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
AliGenInfoMaker::AliGenInfoMaker(const char * fnGalice, const char* fnRes,
				   Int_t nEvents, Int_t firstEvent)
{
  Reset();
  fFirstEventNr = firstEvent;
  fEventNr = firstEvent;
  fNEvents = nEvents;
  //   fFnRes = fnRes;
  sprintf(fFnRes,"%s",fnRes);
  //
  fLoader = AliRunLoader::Open(fnGalice);
  if (gAlice){
    delete gAlice->GetRunLoader();
    delete gAlice;
    gAlice = 0x0;
  }
  if (fLoader->LoadgAlice()){
    cerr<<"Error occured while l"<<endl;
  }
  Int_t nall = fLoader->GetNumberOfEvents();
  if (nEvents==0) {
    nEvents =nall;
    fNEvents=nall;
    fFirstEventNr=0;
  }    

  if (nall<=0){
    cerr<<"no events available"<<endl;
    fEventNr = 0;
    return;
  }
  if (firstEvent+nEvents>nall) {
    fEventNr = nall-firstEvent;
    cerr<<"restricted number of events availaible"<<endl;
  }
  AliMagF * magf = gAlice->Field();
  AliTracker::SetFieldMap(magf,0);
}


AliMCInfo * AliGenInfoMaker::MakeInfo(UInt_t i)
{
  // 
  if (i<fNParticles) {
    if (fGenInfo[i]) return  fGenInfo[i];
    fGenInfo[i] = new AliMCInfo;  
    fNInfos++;
    return fGenInfo[i];
  }
  else 
    return 0;  
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void AliGenInfoMaker::Reset()
{
  fEventNr = 0;
  fNEvents = 0;
  fTreeGenTracks = 0;
  fFileGenTracks = 0;
  fGenInfo = 0;
  fNInfos  = 0;
  //
  //
  fDebug = 0;
  fVPrim[0] = -1000.;
  fVPrim[1] = -1000.;
  fVPrim[2] = -1000.;
  fParamTPC = 0;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
AliGenInfoMaker::~AliGenInfoMaker()
{
  
  if (fLoader){
    fLoader->UnloadgAlice();
    gAlice = 0;
    delete fLoader;
  }
}

Int_t  AliGenInfoMaker::SetIO()
{
  //
  // 
  CreateTreeGenTracks();
  if (!fTreeGenTracks) return 1;
  //  AliTracker::SetFieldFactor(); 
 
  fParamTPC = GetTPCParam();
  //
  return 0;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliGenInfoMaker::SetIO(Int_t eventNr)
{
  //
  // 
  // SET INPUT
  fLoader->SetEventNumber(eventNr);
  //
  fLoader->LoadHeader();
  fLoader->LoadKinematics();  
  fStack = fLoader->Stack();
  //
  fLoader->LoadTrackRefs();
  fLoader->LoadHits();
  fTreeTR = fLoader->TreeTR();
  //
  AliTPCLoader * tpcl = (AliTPCLoader*)fLoader->GetLoader("TPCLoader");
  tpcl->LoadDigits();
  fTreeD = tpcl->TreeD();  
  return 0;
}

Int_t AliGenInfoMaker::CloseIOEvent()
{
  fLoader->UnloadHeader();
  fLoader->UnloadKinematics();
  fLoader->UnloadTrackRefs();
  AliTPCLoader * tpcl = (AliTPCLoader*)fLoader->GetLoader("TPCLoader");
  tpcl->UnloadDigits();
  return 0;
}

Int_t AliGenInfoMaker::CloseIO()
{
  fLoader->UnloadgAlice();
  return 0;
}



////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliGenInfoMaker::Exec(Int_t nEvents, Int_t firstEventNr)
{
  fNEvents = nEvents;
  fFirstEventNr = firstEventNr;
  return Exec();
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliGenInfoMaker::Exec()  
{
  TStopwatch timer;
  timer.Start();
  Int_t status =SetIO();
  if (status>0) return status;
  //

  for (fEventNr = fFirstEventNr; fEventNr < fFirstEventNr+fNEvents;
       fEventNr++) {
    SetIO(fEventNr);
    fNParticles = fStack->GetNtrack();
    //
    fGenInfo = new AliMCInfo*[fNParticles];
    for (UInt_t i = 0; i<fNParticles; i++) {
      fGenInfo[i]=0; 
    }
    //
    cout<<"Start to process event "<<fEventNr<<endl;
    cout<<"\tfNParticles = "<<fNParticles<<endl;
    if (fDebug>2) cout<<"\n\n\n\tStart loop over TreeTR"<<endl;
    if (TreeTRLoop()>0) return 1;
    //
    if (fDebug>2) cout<<"\n\n\n\tStart loop over TreeD"<<endl;
    if (TreeDLoop()>0) return 1;
    //
    if (fDebug>2) cout<<"\n\n\n\tStart loop over TreeK"<<endl;
    if (TreeKLoop()>0) return 1;
    if (fDebug>2) cout<<"\tEnd loop over TreeK"<<endl;
    //
    if (BuildKinkInfo()>0) return 1;
    if (BuildV0Info()>0) return 1;
    //if (BuildHitLines()>0) return 1;
    if (fDebug>2) cout<<"\tEnd loop over TreeK"<<endl;
    //
    for (UInt_t i = 0; i<fNParticles; i++) {
      if (fGenInfo[i]) delete fGenInfo[i]; 
    }
    delete []fGenInfo;
    CloseIOEvent();
  }
  //
  CloseIO();
  CloseOutputFile();

  cerr<<"Exec finished"<<endl;

  timer.Stop();
  timer.Print();
  return 0;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void AliGenInfoMaker::CreateTreeGenTracks() 
{
  fFileGenTracks = TFile::Open(fFnRes,"RECREATE");
  if (!fFileGenTracks) {
    cerr<<"Error in CreateTreeGenTracks: cannot open file "<<fFnRes<<endl;
    return;
  }
  fTreeGenTracks = new TTree("genTracksTree","genTracksTree");  
  AliMCInfo * info = new AliMCInfo;
  fTreeGenTracks->Branch("MC","AliMCInfo",&info);
  delete info; 
  //
  AliGenKinkInfo *kinkinfo = new AliGenKinkInfo;
  fTreeKinks = new TTree("genKinksTree","genKinksTree");  
  fTreeKinks->Branch("MC","AliGenKinkInfo",&kinkinfo);
  delete kinkinfo;
  //
  AliGenV0Info *v0info = new AliGenV0Info;
  fTreeV0 = new TTree("genV0Tree","genV0Tree");  
  fTreeV0->Branch("MC","AliGenV0Info",&v0info);
  delete v0info;
  //
  //
  AliTrackPointArray * points0 = new AliTrackPointArray;  
  AliTrackPointArray * points1 = new AliTrackPointArray;  
  AliTrackPointArray * points2 = new AliTrackPointArray;  
  fTreeHitLines = new TTree("HitLines","HitLines");
  fTreeHitLines->Branch("TPC.","AliTrackPointArray",&points0,32000,10);
  fTreeHitLines->Branch("TRD.","AliTrackPointArray",&points1,32000,10);
  fTreeHitLines->Branch("ITS.","AliTrackPointArray",&points2,32000,10);
  Int_t label=0;
  fTreeHitLines->Branch("Label",&label,"label/I");
  //
  fTreeGenTracks->AutoSave();
  fTreeKinks->AutoSave();
  fTreeV0->AutoSave();
  fTreeHitLines->AutoSave();
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void AliGenInfoMaker::CloseOutputFile() 
{
  if (!fFileGenTracks) {
    cerr<<"File "<<fFnRes<<" not found as an open file."<<endl;
    return;
  }
  fFileGenTracks->cd();
  fTreeGenTracks->Write();  
  delete fTreeGenTracks;
  fTreeKinks->Write();
  delete fTreeKinks;
  fTreeV0->Write();
  delete fTreeV0;

  fFileGenTracks->Close();
  delete fFileGenTracks;
  return;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliGenInfoMaker::TreeKLoop()
{
//
// open the file with treeK
// loop over all entries there and save information about some tracks
//

  AliStack * stack = fStack;
  if (!stack) {cerr<<"Stack was not found!\n"; return 1;}
  
  if (fDebug > 0) {
    cout<<"There are "<<fNParticles<<" primary and secondary particles in event "
	<<fEventNr<<endl;
  }  
  Int_t  ipdg = 0;
  TParticlePDG *ppdg = 0;
  // not all generators give primary vertex position. Take the vertex
  // of the particle 0 as primary vertex.
  TDatabasePDG  pdg; //get pdg table  
  //thank you very much root for this
  TBranch * br = fTreeGenTracks->GetBranch("MC");
  TParticle *particle = stack->ParticleFromTreeK(0);
  fVPrim[0] = particle->Vx();
  fVPrim[1] = particle->Vy();
  fVPrim[2] = particle->Vz();
  for (UInt_t iParticle = 0; iParticle < fNParticles; iParticle++) {
    // load only particles with TR
    AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(iParticle);
    if (!info) continue;
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    info->fLabel = iParticle;
    //
    info->fParticle = *(stack->Particle(iParticle));
    info->fVDist[0] = info->fParticle.Vx()-fVPrim[0];
    info->fVDist[1] = info->fParticle.Vy()-fVPrim[1];
    info->fVDist[2] = info->fParticle.Vz()-fVPrim[2]; 
    info->fVDist[3] = TMath::Sqrt(info->fVDist[0]*info->fVDist[0]+
				  info->fVDist[1]*info->fVDist[1]+info->fVDist[2]*info->fVDist[2]);
    //
    //
    ipdg = info->fParticle.GetPdgCode();
    info->fPdg = ipdg;
    ppdg = pdg.GetParticle(ipdg);   	   
    info->fEventNr = fEventNr;
    info->Update();
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////    
    br->SetAddress(&info);    
    fTreeGenTracks->Fill();    
  }
  fTreeGenTracks->AutoSave();
  if (fDebug > 2) cerr<<"end of TreeKLoop"<<endl;
  return 0;
}


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t  AliGenInfoMaker::BuildKinkInfo()
{
  //
  // Build tree with Kink Information
  //
  AliStack * stack = fStack;
  if (!stack) {cerr<<"Stack was not found!\n"; return 1;}
  
  if (fDebug > 0) {
    cout<<"There are "<<fNParticles<<" primary and secondary particles in event "
	<<fEventNr<<endl;
  }  
  //  Int_t  ipdg = 0;
  //TParticlePDG *ppdg = 0;
  // not all generators give primary vertex position. Take the vertex
  // of the particle 0 as primary vertex.
  TDatabasePDG  pdg; //get pdg table  
  //thank you very much root for this
  TBranch * br = fTreeKinks->GetBranch("MC");
  //
  AliGenKinkInfo * kinkinfo = new AliGenKinkInfo;
  //
  for (UInt_t iParticle = 0; iParticle < fNParticles; iParticle++) {
    // load only particles with TR
    AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(iParticle);
    if (!info) continue;
    if (info->fCharge==0) continue;  
    if (info->fTRdecay.P()<0.13) continue;  //momenta cut 
    if (info->fTRdecay.R()>500)  continue;  //R cut - decay outside barrel
    TParticle & particle = info->fParticle;
    Int_t first = particle.GetDaughter(0);
    if (first ==0) continue;

    Int_t last = particle.GetDaughter(1);
    if (last ==0) last=first;
    AliMCInfo * info2 =  0;
    AliMCInfo * dinfo =  0;
    
    for (Int_t id2=first;id2<=last;id2++){
      info2 = GetInfo(id2);
      if (!info2) continue;
      TParticle &p2 = info2->fParticle;
      Double_t r = TMath::Sqrt(p2.Vx()*p2.Vx()+p2.Vy()*p2.Vy());
      if ( TMath::Abs(info->fTRdecay.R()-r)>0.01) continue;
      if (!(p2.GetPDG())) continue;
      dinfo =info2;
     
      kinkinfo->fMCm = (*info);
      kinkinfo->fMCd = (*dinfo);
      if (kinkinfo->fMCm.fParticle.GetPDG()==0 ||  kinkinfo->fMCd.fParticle.GetPDG()==0) continue;
      kinkinfo->Update();
      br->SetAddress(&kinkinfo);    
      fTreeKinks->Fill();
    }
    /*
    if (dinfo){
      kinkinfo->fMCm = (*info);
      kinkinfo->fMCd = (*dinfo);
      kinkinfo->Update();
      br->SetAddress(&kinkinfo);    
      fTreeKinks->Fill();
    }
    */
  }
  fTreeGenTracks->AutoSave();
  if (fDebug > 2) cerr<<"end of Kink Loop"<<endl;
  return 0;
}


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t  AliGenInfoMaker::BuildV0Info()
{
  //
  // Build tree with V0 Information
  //
  AliStack * stack = fStack;
  if (!stack) {cerr<<"Stack was not found!\n"; return 1;}
  
  if (fDebug > 0) {
    cout<<"There are "<<fNParticles<<" primary and secondary particles in event "
	<<fEventNr<<endl;
  }  
  //  Int_t  ipdg = 0;
  //TParticlePDG *ppdg = 0;
  // not all generators give primary vertex position. Take the vertex
  // of the particle 0 as primary vertex.
  TDatabasePDG  pdg; //get pdg table  
  //thank you very much root for this
  TBranch * br = fTreeV0->GetBranch("MC");
  //
  AliGenV0Info * v0info = new AliGenV0Info;
  //
  //
  for (UInt_t iParticle = 0; iParticle < fNParticles; iParticle++) {
    // load only particles with TR
    AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(iParticle);
    if (!info) continue;
    if (info->fCharge==0) continue;  
    //
    //
    TParticle & particle = info->fParticle;
    Int_t mother = particle.GetMother(0);
    if (mother <=0) continue;
    //
    TParticle * motherparticle = stack->Particle(mother);
    if (!motherparticle) continue;
    //
    Int_t last = motherparticle->GetDaughter(1);
    if (last==(int)iParticle) continue;
    AliMCInfo * info2 =  info;
    AliMCInfo * dinfo =  GetInfo(last);
    if (!dinfo) continue;
    if (!dinfo->fParticle.GetPDG()) continue;
    if (!info2->fParticle.GetPDG()) continue;
    if (dinfo){
      v0info->fMCm = (*info);
      v0info->fMCd = (*dinfo);
      v0info->fMotherP = (*motherparticle);
      v0info->Update(fVPrim);
      br->SetAddress(&v0info);    
      fTreeV0->Fill();
    }
  }
  fTreeV0->AutoSave();
  if (fDebug > 2) cerr<<"end of V0 Loop"<<endl;
  return 0;
}




////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliGenInfoMaker::BuildHitLines()
{

//
// open the file with treeK
// loop over all entries there and save information about some tracks
//

  AliStack * stack = fStack;
  if (!stack) {cerr<<"Stack was not found!\n"; return 1;}
  
  if (fDebug > 0) {
    cout<<"There are "<<fNParticles<<" primary and secondary particles in event "
	<<fEventNr<<endl;
  }  
//   Int_t  ipdg = 0;
//   // TParticlePDG *ppdg = 0;
//   // not all generators give primary vertex position. Take the vertex
//   // of the particle 0 as primary vertex.
//   TDatabasePDG  pdg; //get pdg table  
//   //thank you very much root for this
//   AliTrackPointArray *tpcp = new AliTrackPointArray;
//   AliTrackPointArray *trdp = new AliTrackPointArray;
//   AliTrackPointArray *itsp = new AliTrackPointArray;
//   Int_t label =0;
//   //
//   TBranch * brtpc = fTreeHitLines->GetBranch("TPC.");
//   TBranch * brtrd = fTreeHitLines->GetBranch("TRD.");  
//   TBranch * brits = fTreeHitLines->GetBranch("ITS.");
//   TBranch * brlabel = fTreeHitLines->GetBranch("Label");
//   brlabel->SetAddress(&label);
//   brtpc->SetAddress(&tpcp);
//   brtrd->SetAddress(&trdp);
//   brits->SetAddress(&itsp);
//   //
//   AliDetector *dtpc = gAlice->GetDetector("TPC");
//   AliDetector *dtrd = gAlice->GetDetector("TRD");
//   AliDetector *dits = gAlice->GetDetector("ITS");
 
//   for (UInt_t iParticle = 0; iParticle < fNParticles; iParticle++) {
//     // load only particles with TR
//     AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(iParticle);
//     if (!info) continue;
//     Int_t primpart = info->fPrimPart;
//     ipdg = info->fParticle.GetPdgCode();
//     label = iParticle;
//     //
//     gAlice->ResetHits();
//     tpcp->Reset();
//     itsp->Reset();
//     trdp->Reset();
//     tpcp->fLabel1 = ipdg;
//     trdp->fLabel1 = ipdg;
//     itsp->fLabel1 = ipdg;
//     if (dtpc->TreeH()->GetEvent(primpart)){
//       dtpc->LoadPoints(primpart);
//       tpcp->Reset(dtpc,iParticle);
//     }
//     if (dtrd->TreeH()->GetEvent(primpart)){
//       dtrd->LoadPoints(primpart);
//       trdp->Reset(dtrd,iParticle);
//     }
//     if (dits->TreeH()->GetEvent(primpart)){
//       dits->LoadPoints(primpart);
//       itsp->Reset(dits,iParticle);
//     }    
//     //    
//     fTreeHitLines->Fill();
//     dtpc->ResetPoints();
//     dtrd->ResetPoints();
//     dits->ResetPoints();
//   }
//   delete tpcp;
//   delete trdp;
//   delete itsp;
//   fTreeHitLines->AutoSave();
//   if (fDebug > 2) cerr<<"end of TreeKLoop"<<endl;
  return 0;
}


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliGenInfoMaker::TreeDLoop()
{
  //
  // open the file with treeD
  // loop over all entries there and save information about some tracks
  //
  
  Int_t nInnerSector = fParamTPC->GetNInnerSector();
  Int_t rowShift = 0;
  Int_t zero=fParamTPC->GetZeroSup()+6;  
  //
  //
  AliSimDigits digitsAddress, *digits=&digitsAddress;
  fTreeD->GetBranch("Segment")->SetAddress(&digits);
  
  Int_t sectorsByRows=(Int_t)fTreeD->GetEntries();
  if (fDebug > 1) cout<<"\tsectorsByRows = "<<sectorsByRows<<endl;
  for (Int_t i=0; i<sectorsByRows; i++) {
    if (!fTreeD->GetEvent(i)) continue;
    Int_t sec,row;
    fParamTPC->AdjustSectorRow(digits->GetID(),sec,row);
    if (fDebug > 1) cout<<sec<<' '<<row<<"                          \r";
    // here I expect that upper sectors follow lower sectors
    if (sec > nInnerSector) rowShift = fParamTPC->GetNRowLow();
    //
    digits->ExpandTrackBuffer();
    digits->First();        
    do {
      Int_t iRow=digits->CurrentRow();
      Int_t iColumn=digits->CurrentColumn();
      Short_t digitValue = digits->CurrentDigit();
      if (digitValue >= zero) {
	Int_t label;
	for (Int_t j = 0; j<3; j++) {
	  //	  label = digits->GetTrackID(iRow,iColumn,j);
	  label = digits->GetTrackIDFast(iRow,iColumn,j)-2; 	  
	  if (label >= (Int_t)fNParticles) { //don't label from bakground event
	    continue;
	  }
	  if (label >= 0 && label <= (Int_t)fNParticles) {
	    if (fDebug > 6 ) {
	      cout<<"Inner loop: sector, iRow, iColumn, label, value, row "
		  <<sec<<" "
		  <<iRow<<" "<<iColumn<<" "<<label<<" "<<digitValue
		  <<" "<<row<<endl;
	    }	
	    AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(label);
	    if (info){
	      info->fTPCRow.SetRow(row+rowShift);
	    }
	  }
	}
      }
    } while (digits->Next());
  }
  
  if (fDebug > 2) cerr<<"end of TreeDLoop"<<endl;  
  return 0;
}


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Int_t AliGenInfoMaker::TreeTRLoop()
{
  //
  // loop over TrackReferences and store the first one for each track
  //  
  TTree * treeTR = fTreeTR;
  Int_t nPrimaries = (Int_t) treeTR->GetEntries();
  if (fDebug > 1) cout<<"There are "<<nPrimaries<<" entries in TreeTR"<<endl;
  //
  //
  //track references for TPC
  TClonesArray* TPCArrayTR = new TClonesArray("AliTrackReference");
  TClonesArray* ITSArrayTR = new TClonesArray("AliTrackReference");
  TClonesArray* TRDArrayTR = new TClonesArray("AliTrackReference");
  TClonesArray* TOFArrayTR = new TClonesArray("AliTrackReference");
  TClonesArray* RunArrayTR = new TClonesArray("AliTrackReference");
  //
  if (treeTR->GetBranch("TPC"))    treeTR->GetBranch("TPC")->SetAddress(&TPCArrayTR);
  if (treeTR->GetBranch("ITS"))    treeTR->GetBranch("ITS")->SetAddress(&ITSArrayTR);
  if (treeTR->GetBranch("TRD"))    treeTR->GetBranch("TRD")->SetAddress(&TRDArrayTR);
  if (treeTR->GetBranch("TOF"))    treeTR->GetBranch("TOF")->SetAddress(&TOFArrayTR);
  if (treeTR->GetBranch("AliRun")) treeTR->GetBranch("AliRun")->SetAddress(&RunArrayTR);
  //
  //
  //
  for (Int_t iPrimPart = 0; iPrimPart<nPrimaries; iPrimPart++) {
    treeTR->GetEntry(iPrimPart);
    //
    // Loop over TPC references
    //
    for (Int_t iTrackRef = 0; iTrackRef < TPCArrayTR->GetEntriesFast(); iTrackRef++) {
      AliTrackReference *trackRef = (AliTrackReference*)TPCArrayTR->At(iTrackRef);            
      //
      if (trackRef->TestBit(BIT(2))){  
	//if decay 
	if (trackRef->P()<fgTPCPtCut) continue;
	Int_t label = trackRef->GetTrack(); 
	AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(label);
	if (!info) info = MakeInfo(label);
	info->fTRdecay = *trackRef;      
      }
      //
      if (trackRef->P()<fgTPCPtCut) continue;
      Int_t label = trackRef->GetTrack();      
      AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(label);
      if (!info) info = MakeInfo(label);
      if (!info) continue;
      info->fPrimPart =  iPrimPart;
      TClonesArray & arr = *(info->fTPCReferences);
      new (arr[arr.GetEntriesFast()]) AliTrackReference(*trackRef);     
    }
    //
    // Loop over ITS references
    //
    for (Int_t iTrackRef = 0; iTrackRef < ITSArrayTR->GetEntriesFast(); iTrackRef++) {
      AliTrackReference *trackRef = (AliTrackReference*)ITSArrayTR->At(iTrackRef);            
      // 
      //
      if (trackRef->P()<fgTPCPtCut) continue;
      Int_t label = trackRef->GetTrack();      
      AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(label);
      if ( (!info) && trackRef->Pt()<fgITSPtCut) continue;
      if (!info) info = MakeInfo(label);
      if (!info) continue;
      info->fPrimPart =  iPrimPart;
      TClonesArray & arr = *(info->fITSReferences);
      new (arr[arr.GetEntriesFast()]) AliTrackReference(*trackRef);     
    }
    //
    // Loop over TRD references
    //
    for (Int_t iTrackRef = 0; iTrackRef < TRDArrayTR->GetEntriesFast(); iTrackRef++) {
      AliTrackReference *trackRef = (AliTrackReference*)TRDArrayTR->At(iTrackRef);            
      //
      if (trackRef->P()<fgTPCPtCut) continue;
      Int_t label = trackRef->GetTrack();      
      AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(label);
      if ( (!info) && trackRef->Pt()<fgTRDPtCut) continue;
      if (!info) info = MakeInfo(label);
      if (!info) continue;
      info->fPrimPart =  iPrimPart;
      TClonesArray & arr = *(info->fTRDReferences);
      new (arr[arr.GetEntriesFast()]) AliTrackReference(*trackRef);     
    }
    //
    // Loop over TOF references
    //
    for (Int_t iTrackRef = 0; iTrackRef < TOFArrayTR->GetEntriesFast(); iTrackRef++) {
      AliTrackReference *trackRef = (AliTrackReference*)TOFArrayTR->At(iTrackRef);            
      Int_t label = trackRef->GetTrack();      
      AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(label);
      if (!info){
	if (trackRef->Pt()<fgTPCPtCut) continue;
	if ( (!info) && trackRef->Pt()<fgTOFPtCut) continue;
      }
      if (!info) info = MakeInfo(label);
      if (!info) continue;
      info->fPrimPart =  iPrimPart;
      TClonesArray & arr = *(info->fTOFReferences);
      new (arr[arr.GetEntriesFast()]) AliTrackReference(*trackRef);     
    }
    //
    // get dacay position
    for (Int_t iTrackRef = 0; iTrackRef < RunArrayTR->GetEntriesFast(); iTrackRef++) {
      AliTrackReference *trackRef = (AliTrackReference*)RunArrayTR->At(iTrackRef);      
      //
      Int_t label = trackRef->GetTrack();
      AliMCInfo * info = GetInfo(label);
      if (!info) continue;
      if (!trackRef->TestBit(BIT(2))) continue;  //if not decay
      //      if (TMath::Abs(trackRef.X());
      info->fTRdecay = *trackRef;      
    }
  }
  //
  TPCArrayTR->Delete();
  delete  TPCArrayTR;
  TRDArrayTR->Delete();
  delete  TRDArrayTR;
  TOFArrayTR->Delete();
  delete  TOFArrayTR;

  ITSArrayTR->Delete();
  delete  ITSArrayTR;
  RunArrayTR->Delete();
  delete  RunArrayTR;
  //
  return 0;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Float_t AliGenInfoMaker::TR2LocalX(AliTrackReference *trackRef,
				    AliTPCParam *paramTPC) {

  Float_t x[3] = { trackRef->X(),trackRef->Y(),trackRef->Z()};
  Int_t index[4];
  paramTPC->Transform0to1(x,index);
  paramTPC->Transform1to2(x,index);
  return x[0];
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////