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63ba5337 1<html>
2<head>
3<title>Left-Right-Symmetry Processes</title>
4<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="pythia.css"/>
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28<form method='post' action='LeftRightSymmetryProcesses.php'>
29
30<h2>Left-Right-Symmetry Processes</h2>
31
32At current energies, the world is left-handed, i.e. the Standard Model
33contains an <i>SU(2)_L</i> group. Left-right symmetry at some larger
34scale implies the need for an <i>SU(2)_R</i> group. Thus the particle
35content is expanded by right-handed <i>Z_R^0</i> and <i>W_R^+-</i>
36and right-handed neutrinos. The Higgs fields have to be in a triplet
37representation, leading to doubly-charged Higgs particles, one set for
38each of the two <i>SU(2)</i> groups. Also the number of neutral and
39singly-charged Higgs states is increased relative to the Standard Model,
40but a search for the lowest-lying states of this kind is no different
41from e.g. the freedom already accorded by the MSSM Higgs scenarios.
42
43<p/>
44PYTHIA implements the scenario of [<a href="Bibliography.php" target="page">Hui97</a>].
45
46<p/>
47The <i>W_R^+-</i> has been implemented as a simple copy of the
48ordinary <i>W^+-</i>, with the exception that it couples to
49right-handed neutrinos instead of the ordinary left-handed ones.
50Thus the standard CKM matrix is used in the quark sector, and the
51same vector and axial coupling strengths, leaving only the mass as
52free parameter. The <i>Z_R^0</i> implementation (without interference
53with the photon or the ordinary <i>Z^0</i>) allows decays both to
54left- and right-handed neutrinos, as well as other fermions, according
55to one specific model ansatz. Obviously both the <i>W_R^+-</i>
56and the <i>Z_R^0</i> descriptions are likely to be simplifications,
57but provide a starting point.
58
59<p/>
60For the doubly-charged Higgses, the main decay modes implemented are
61<i>H_L^++ -> W_L^+ W_L^+, l_i^+ l_j^+ </i> (<i>i, j</i> generation
62indices) and <i>H_R^++ -> W_R^+ W_R^+, l_i^+ l_j^+</i>.
63
64<p/>
65The right-handed neutrinos can be allowed to decay further. Assuming them
66to have a mass below that of <i>W_R^+-</i>, they decay to three-body
67states via a virtual <i>W_R^+-</i>, <i>nu_Rl -> l+- f fbar'</i>,
68where both lepton charges are allowed owing to the Majorana character
69of the neutrinos. If there is a significant mass splitting, also
70sequential decays <i>nu_Rl -> l+- l'-+ nu'_Rl</i> are allowed.
71Currently the decays are isotropic in phase space. If the neutrino
72masses are close to or above the <i>W_R^</i> ones, this description
73has to be substituted by a sequential decay via a real <i>W_R^</i>
74(not implemented, but actually simpler to do than the one here).
75
76
77<h3>Production processes</h3>
78
79A few different production processes have been implemented, which normally
80would not overlap and therefore could be run together.
81
82<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:all</strong> <input type="radio" name="1" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
83<input type="radio" name="1" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
84 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
85Common switch for the group of implemented processes within a
86left-right-symmetric scenario.
87
88
89<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:ffbar2ZR</strong> <input type="radio" name="2" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
90<input type="radio" name="2" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
91 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
92Scatterings <i>f fbar -> Z_R^0</i>.
93Code 3101.
94
95
96<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:ffbar2WR</strong> <input type="radio" name="3" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
97<input type="radio" name="3" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
98 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
99Scatterings <i><f fbar' -> W_R^+</i>.
100Code 3102.
101
102
103<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:ll2HL</strong> <input type="radio" name="4" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
104<input type="radio" name="4" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
105 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
106Scatterings <i>l_i l_j -> H_L^--</i>.
107Code 3121.
108
109
110<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:lgm2HLe</strong> <input type="radio" name="5" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
111<input type="radio" name="5" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
112 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
113Scatterings <i>l_i gamma -> H_L^-- e^+</i>.
114Code 3122.
115
116
117<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:lgm2HLmu</strong> <input type="radio" name="6" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
118<input type="radio" name="6" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
119 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
120Scatterings <i>l_i gamma -> H_L^-- mu^+</i>.
121Code 3123.
122
123
124<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:lgm2HLtau</strong> <input type="radio" name="7" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
125<input type="radio" name="7" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
126 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
127Scatterings <i>l_i gamma -> H_L^-- tau^+</i>.
128Code 3124.
129
130
131<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:ff2HLff</strong> <input type="radio" name="8" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
132<input type="radio" name="8" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
133 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
134Scatterings <i>f_1 f_2 -> H_L^-- f_3 f_4</i> via <i>WW</i> fusion.
135Code 3125.
136
137
138<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:ffbar2HLHL</strong> <input type="radio" name="9" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
139<input type="radio" name="9" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
140 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
141Scatterings <i>f fbar -> H_L^++ H_L^--</i>.
142Code 3126.
143
144
145<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:ll2HR</strong> <input type="radio" name="10" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
146<input type="radio" name="10" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
147 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
148Scatterings <i>l_i l_j -> H_R^--</i>.
149Code 3141.
150
151
152<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:lgm2HRe</strong> <input type="radio" name="11" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
153<input type="radio" name="11" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
154 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
155Scatterings <i>l_i gamma -> H_R^-- e^+</i>.
156Code 3142.
157
158
159<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:lgm2HRmu</strong> <input type="radio" name="12" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
160<input type="radio" name="12" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
161 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
162Scatterings <i>l_i gamma -> H_R^-- mu^+</i>.
163Code 3143.
164
165
166<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:lgm2HRtau</strong> <input type="radio" name="13" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
167<input type="radio" name="13" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
168 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
169Scatterings <i>l_i gamma -> H_R^-- tau^+</i>.
170Code 3144.
171
172
173<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:ff2HRff</strong> <input type="radio" name="14" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
174<input type="radio" name="14" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
175 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
176Scatterings <i>f_1 f_2 -> H_R^-- f_3 f_4</i> via <i>WW</i> fusion.
177Code 3145.
178
179
180<br/><br/><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:ffbar2HRHR</strong> <input type="radio" name="15" value="on"><strong>On</strong>
181<input type="radio" name="15" value="off" checked="checked"><strong>Off</strong>
182 &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>off</strong></code>)<br/>
183Scatterings <i>f fbar -> H_R^++ H_L^--</i>.
184Code 3146.
185
186
187<h3>Parameters</h3>
188
189The basic couplings of the model are
190
191<br/><br/><table><tr><td><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:gL </td><td></td><td> <input type="text" name="16" value="0.64" size="20"/> &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>0.64</strong></code>; <code>minimum = 0.0</code>)</td></tr></table>
192lefthanded coupling <i>g_L = e / sin(theta)</i>.
193
194
195<br/><br/><table><tr><td><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:gR </td><td></td><td> <input type="text" name="17" value="0.64" size="20"/> &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>0.64</strong></code>; <code>minimum = 0.0</code>)</td></tr></table>
196righthanded coupling <i>g_R</i>, assumed the same as <i>g_L</i>.
197
198
199<br/><br/><table><tr><td><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:vL </td><td></td><td> <input type="text" name="18" value="5." size="20"/> &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>5.</strong></code>; <code>minimum = 0.0</code>)</td></tr></table>
200vacuum expectation value <i>v_L</i> (in GeV) for the left-triplet.
201
202
203<p/>
204The corresponding vacuum expectation value <i>v_R</i> is assumed
205given by <i>v_R = sqrt(2) M_WR / g_R</i> and is not stored explicitly.
206
207<p/>
208The Yukawa couplings of a lepton pair to a <i>H^--</i>, assumed the
209same for <i>H_L^--</i> and <i>H_R^--</i>, is described by a symmetric
2103-by-3 matrix. The default matrix is dominated by the diagonal elements
211and especially by the <i>tau tau</i> one.
212
213<br/><br/><table><tr><td><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:coupHee </td><td></td><td> <input type="text" name="19" value="0.1" size="20"/> &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>0.1</strong></code>; <code>minimum = 0.0</code>)</td></tr></table>
214Yukawa coupling for <i>H^-- -> e- e-</i>.
215
216
217<br/><br/><table><tr><td><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:coupHmue </td><td></td><td> <input type="text" name="20" value="0.01" size="20"/> &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>0.01</strong></code>; <code>minimum = 0.0</code>)</td></tr></table>
218Yukawa coupling for <i>H^-- -> mu- e-</i>.
219
220
221<br/><br/><table><tr><td><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:coupHmumu </td><td></td><td> <input type="text" name="21" value="0.1" size="20"/> &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>0.1</strong></code>; <code>minimum = 0.0</code>)</td></tr></table>
222Yukawa coupling for <i>H^-- -> mu- mu-</i>.
223
224
225<br/><br/><table><tr><td><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:coupHtaue </td><td></td><td> <input type="text" name="22" value="0.01" size="20"/> &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>0.01</strong></code>; <code>minimum = 0.0</code>)</td></tr></table>
226Yukawa coupling for <i>H^-- -> tau- e-</i>.
227
228
229<br/><br/><table><tr><td><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:coupHtaumu </td><td></td><td> <input type="text" name="23" value="0.01" size="20"/> &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>0.01</strong></code>; <code>minimum = 0.0</code>)</td></tr></table>
230Yukawa coupling for <i>H^-- -> tau- mu-</i>.
231
232
233<br/><br/><table><tr><td><strong>LeftRightSymmmetry:coupHtautau </td><td></td><td> <input type="text" name="24" value="0.3" size="20"/> &nbsp;&nbsp;(<code>default = <strong>0.3</strong></code>; <code>minimum = 0.0</code>)</td></tr></table>
234Yukawa coupling for <i>H^-- -> tau- tau-</i>.
235
236
237<input type="hidden" name="saved" value="1"/>
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239<?php
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241
242<table width="100%"><tr><td align="right"><input type="submit" value="Save Settings" /></td></tr></table>
243</form>
244
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374
375?>
376</body>
377</html>
378
379<!-- Copyright (C) 2012 Torbjorn Sjostrand -->
380