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18 //_________________________________________________________________________
19 // Utility Class for handling Raw data
20 // Does all transitions from Digits to Raw and vice versa,
21 // for simu and reconstruction
23 // Note: the current version is still simplified. Only
24 // one raw signal per digit is generated; either high-gain or low-gain
25 // Need to add concurrent high and low-gain info in the future
26 // No pedestal is added to the raw signal.
27 //*-- Author: Marco van Leeuwen (LBL)
29 #include "AliEMCALRawUtils.h"
38 #include "AliRunLoader.h"
39 class AliCaloAltroMapping;
40 #include "AliAltroBuffer.h"
41 #include "AliRawReader.h"
42 #include "AliCaloRawStreamV3.h"
45 #include "AliEMCALRecParam.h"
46 #include "AliEMCALLoader.h"
47 #include "AliEMCALGeometry.h"
48 class AliEMCALDigitizer;
49 #include "AliEMCALDigit.h"
52 ClassImp(AliEMCALRawUtils)
54 // Signal shape parameters
55 Int_t AliEMCALRawUtils::fgTimeBins = 256; // number of time bins for EMCAL
56 Double_t AliEMCALRawUtils::fgTimeBinWidth = 100E-9 ; // each sample is 100 ns
57 Double_t AliEMCALRawUtils::fgTimeTrigger = 1.5E-6 ; // 15 time bins ~ 1.5 musec
59 // some digitization constants
60 Int_t AliEMCALRawUtils::fgThreshold = 1;
61 Int_t AliEMCALRawUtils::fgDDLPerSuperModule = 2; // 2 ddls per SuperModule
62 Int_t AliEMCALRawUtils::fgPedestalValue = 32; // pedestal value for digits2raw
63 Double_t AliEMCALRawUtils::fgFEENoise = 3.; // 3 ADC channels of noise (sampled)
65 AliEMCALRawUtils::AliEMCALRawUtils()
66 : fHighLowGainFactor(0.), fOrder(0), fTau(0.), fNoiseThreshold(0),
67 fNPedSamples(0), fGeom(0), fOption("")
70 //These are default parameters.
71 //Can be re-set from without with setter functions
72 fHighLowGainFactor = 16. ; // adjusted for a low gain range of 82 GeV (10 bits)
73 fOrder = 2; // order of gamma fn
74 fTau = 2.35; // in units of timebin, from CERN 2007 testbeam
78 //Get Mapping RCU files from the AliEMCALRecParam
79 const TObjArray* maps = AliEMCALRecParam::GetMappings();
80 if(!maps) AliFatal("Cannot retrieve ALTRO mappings!!");
82 for(Int_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
83 fMapping[i] = (AliAltroMapping*)maps->At(i);
86 //To make sure we match with the geometry in a simulation file,
87 //let's try to get it first. If not, take the default geometry
88 AliRunLoader *rl = AliRunLoader::Instance();
89 if(!rl) AliError("Cannot find RunLoader!");
90 if (rl->GetAliRun() && rl->GetAliRun()->GetDetector("EMCAL")) {
91 fGeom = dynamic_cast<AliEMCAL*>(rl->GetAliRun()->GetDetector("EMCAL"))->GetGeometry();
93 AliInfo(Form("Using default geometry in raw reco"));
94 fGeom = AliEMCALGeometry::GetInstance(AliEMCALGeometry::GetDefaultGeometryName());
97 if(!fGeom) AliFatal(Form("Could not get geometry!"));
101 //____________________________________________________________________________
102 AliEMCALRawUtils::AliEMCALRawUtils(AliEMCALGeometry *pGeometry)
103 : fHighLowGainFactor(0.), fOrder(0), fTau(0.), fNoiseThreshold(0),
104 fNPedSamples(0), fGeom(pGeometry), fOption("")
107 // Initialize with the given geometry - constructor required by HLT
108 // HLT does not use/support AliRunLoader(s) instances
109 // This is a minimum intervention solution
110 // Comment by MPloskon@lbl.gov
113 //These are default parameters.
114 //Can be re-set from without with setter functions
115 fHighLowGainFactor = 16. ; // adjusted for a low gain range of 82 GeV (10 bits)
116 fOrder = 2; // order of gamma fn
117 fTau = 2.35; // in units of timebin, from CERN 2007 testbeam
121 //Get Mapping RCU files from the AliEMCALRecParam
122 const TObjArray* maps = AliEMCALRecParam::GetMappings();
123 if(!maps) AliFatal("Cannot retrieve ALTRO mappings!!");
125 for(Int_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
126 fMapping[i] = (AliAltroMapping*)maps->At(i);
129 if(!fGeom) AliFatal(Form("Could not get geometry!"));
133 //____________________________________________________________________________
134 AliEMCALRawUtils::AliEMCALRawUtils(const AliEMCALRawUtils& rawU)
136 fHighLowGainFactor(rawU.fHighLowGainFactor),
139 fNoiseThreshold(rawU.fNoiseThreshold),
140 fNPedSamples(rawU.fNPedSamples),
142 fOption(rawU.fOption)
145 fMapping[0] = rawU.fMapping[0];
146 fMapping[1] = rawU.fMapping[1];
147 fMapping[2] = rawU.fMapping[2];
148 fMapping[3] = rawU.fMapping[3];
151 //____________________________________________________________________________
152 AliEMCALRawUtils& AliEMCALRawUtils::operator =(const AliEMCALRawUtils &rawU)
154 //assignment operator
157 fHighLowGainFactor = rawU.fHighLowGainFactor;
158 fOrder = rawU.fOrder;
160 fNoiseThreshold = rawU.fNoiseThreshold;
161 fNPedSamples = rawU.fNPedSamples;
163 fOption = rawU.fOption;
164 fMapping[0] = rawU.fMapping[0];
165 fMapping[1] = rawU.fMapping[1];
166 fMapping[2] = rawU.fMapping[2];
167 fMapping[3] = rawU.fMapping[3];
174 //____________________________________________________________________________
175 AliEMCALRawUtils::~AliEMCALRawUtils() {
180 //____________________________________________________________________________
181 void AliEMCALRawUtils::Digits2Raw()
183 // convert digits of the current event to raw data
185 AliRunLoader *rl = AliRunLoader::Instance();
186 AliEMCALLoader *loader = dynamic_cast<AliEMCALLoader*>(rl->GetDetectorLoader("EMCAL"));
189 loader->LoadDigits("EMCAL");
191 TClonesArray* digits = loader->Digits() ;
194 Warning("Digits2Raw", "no digits found !");
198 static const Int_t nDDL = 12*2; // 12 SM hardcoded for now. Buffers allocated dynamically, when needed, so just need an upper limit here
199 AliAltroBuffer* buffers[nDDL];
200 for (Int_t i=0; i < nDDL; i++)
203 TArrayI adcValuesLow(fgTimeBins);
204 TArrayI adcValuesHigh(fgTimeBins);
206 // loop over digits (assume ordered digits)
207 for (Int_t iDigit = 0; iDigit < digits->GetEntries(); iDigit++) {
208 AliEMCALDigit* digit = dynamic_cast<AliEMCALDigit *>(digits->At(iDigit)) ;
209 if (digit->GetAmp() < fgThreshold)
219 fGeom->GetCellIndex(digit->GetId(), nSM, nModule, nIphi, nIeta);
220 fGeom->GetCellPhiEtaIndexInSModule(nSM, nModule, nIphi, nIeta,iphi, ieta) ;
222 //Check which is the RCU, 0 or 1, of the cell.
225 if (0<=iphi&&iphi<8) iRCU=0; // first cable row
226 else if (8<=iphi&&iphi<16 && 0<=ieta&&ieta<24) iRCU=0; // first half;
229 else if(8<=iphi&&iphi<16 && 24<=ieta&&ieta<48) iRCU=1; // second half;
231 else if(16<=iphi&&iphi<24) iRCU=1; // third cable row
233 if (nSM%2==1) iRCU = 1 - iRCU; // swap for odd=C side, to allow us to cable both sides the same
236 Fatal("Digits2Raw()","Non-existent RCU number: %d", iRCU);
239 Int_t iDDL = fgDDLPerSuperModule* nSM + iRCU;
241 Fatal("Digits2Raw()","Non-existent DDL board number: %d", iDDL);
243 if (buffers[iDDL] == 0) {
244 // open new file and write dummy header
245 TString fileName = AliDAQ::DdlFileName("EMCAL",iDDL);
246 //Select mapping file RCU0A, RCU0C, RCU1A, RCU1C
247 Int_t iRCUside=iRCU+(nSM%2)*2;
248 //iRCU=0 and even (0) SM -> RCU0A.data 0
249 //iRCU=1 and even (0) SM -> RCU1A.data 1
250 //iRCU=0 and odd (1) SM -> RCU0C.data 2
251 //iRCU=1 and odd (1) SM -> RCU1C.data 3
252 //cout<<" nSM "<<nSM<<"; iRCU "<<iRCU<<"; iRCUside "<<iRCUside<<endl;
253 buffers[iDDL] = new AliAltroBuffer(fileName.Data(),fMapping[iRCUside]);
254 buffers[iDDL]->WriteDataHeader(kTRUE, kFALSE); //Dummy;
257 // out of time range signal (?)
258 if (digit->GetTimeR() > GetRawFormatTimeMax() ) {
259 AliInfo("Signal is out of time range.\n");
260 buffers[iDDL]->FillBuffer((Int_t)digit->GetAmp());
261 buffers[iDDL]->FillBuffer(GetRawFormatTimeBins() ); // time bin
262 buffers[iDDL]->FillBuffer(3); // bunch length
263 buffers[iDDL]->WriteTrailer(3, ieta, iphi, nSM); // trailer
264 // calculate the time response function
266 Bool_t lowgain = RawSampledResponse(digit->GetTimeR(), digit->GetAmp(), adcValuesHigh.GetArray(), adcValuesLow.GetArray()) ;
268 buffers[iDDL]->WriteChannel(ieta, iphi, 0, GetRawFormatTimeBins(), adcValuesLow.GetArray(), fgThreshold);
270 buffers[iDDL]->WriteChannel(ieta,iphi, 1, GetRawFormatTimeBins(), adcValuesHigh.GetArray(), fgThreshold);
274 // write headers and close files
275 for (Int_t i=0; i < nDDL; i++) {
278 buffers[i]->WriteDataHeader(kFALSE, kFALSE);
283 loader->UnloadDigits();
286 //____________________________________________________________________________
287 void AliEMCALRawUtils::Raw2Digits(AliRawReader* reader,TClonesArray *digitsArr)
289 // convert raw data of the current event to digits
294 Error("Raw2Digits", "no digits found !");
298 Error("Raw2Digits", "no raw reader found !");
302 AliCaloRawStreamV3 in(reader,"EMCAL",fMapping);
303 // Select EMCAL DDL's;
304 reader->Select("EMCAL",0,43);
306 //Updated fitting routine from 2007 beam test takes into account
307 //possibility of two peaks in data and selects first one for fitting
308 //Also sets some of the starting parameters based on the shape of the
309 //given raw signal being fit
311 TF1 * signalF = new TF1("signal", RawResponseFunction, 0, GetRawFormatTimeBins(), 5);
312 signalF->SetParameters(10.,0.,fTau,fOrder,5.); //set all defaults once, just to be safe
313 signalF->SetParNames("amp","t0","tau","N","ped");
314 signalF->SetParameter(2,fTau); // tau in units of time bin
315 signalF->SetParLimits(2,2,-1);
316 signalF->SetParameter(3,fOrder); // order
317 signalF->SetParLimits(3,2,-1);
325 //Graph to hold data we will fit (should be converted to an array
326 //later to speed up processing
327 TGraph * gSig = new TGraph(GetRawFormatTimeBins());
330 Int_t caloFlag = 0; // low, high gain, or TRU, or LED ref.
332 // start loop over input stream
333 while (in.NextDDL()) {
334 while (in.NextChannel()) {
336 //Check if the signal is high or low gain and then do the fit,
337 //if it is from TRU do not fit
338 caloFlag = in.GetCaloFlag();
339 if (caloFlag != 0 && caloFlag != 1) continue;
341 // There can be zero-suppression in the raw data,
342 // so set up the TGraph in advance
343 for (i=0; i < GetRawFormatTimeBins(); i++) {
344 gSig->SetPoint(i, i , 0);
348 Int_t min = 0x3ff; // init to 10-bit max
349 Int_t max = 0; // init to 10-bit min
351 while (in.NextBunch()) {
352 const UShort_t *sig = in.GetSignals();
353 startBin = in.GetStartTimeBin();
355 if (((UInt_t) maxTime) < in.GetStartTimeBin()) {
356 maxTime = in.GetStartTimeBin(); // timebins come in reverse order
359 if (maxTime < 0 || maxTime >= GetRawFormatTimeBins()) {
360 AliWarning(Form("Invalid time bin %d",maxTime));
361 maxTime = GetRawFormatTimeBins();
363 nsamples += in.GetBunchLength();
364 for (i = 0; i < in.GetBunchLength(); i++) {
366 gSig->SetPoint(time, time, (Double_t) sig[i]) ;
367 if (max < sig[i]) max= sig[i];
368 if (min > sig[i]) min = sig[i];
370 } // loop over bunches
372 if (nsamples > 0) { // this check is needed for when we have zero-supp. on, but not sparse readout
374 id = fGeom->GetAbsCellIdFromCellIndexes(in.GetModule(), in.GetRow(), in.GetColumn()) ;
375 lowGain = in.IsLowGain();
377 gSig->Set(maxTime+1);
378 if ( (max - min) > fNoiseThreshold) FitRaw(gSig, signalF, amp, time) ;
380 //if (caloFlag == 0 || caloFlag == 1) { // low gain or high gain
381 if (amp > 0 && amp < 2000) { //check both high and low end of
382 //result, 2000 is somewhat arbitrary - not nice with magic numbers in the code..
383 AliDebug(2,Form("id %d lowGain %d amp %g", id, lowGain, amp));
385 AddDigit(digitsArr, id, lowGain, (Int_t)amp, time);
391 for (Int_t index = 0; index < gSig->GetN(); index++) {
392 gSig->SetPoint(index, index, 0) ;
394 // Reset starting parameters for fit function
395 signalF->SetParameters(10.,0.,fTau,fOrder,5.); //reset all defaults just to be safe
397 } // nsamples>0 check, some data found for this channel; not only trailer/header
398 } // end while over channel
399 } //end while over DDL's, of input stream
407 //____________________________________________________________________________
408 void AliEMCALRawUtils::AddDigit(TClonesArray *digitsArr, Int_t id, Int_t lowGain, Int_t amp, Float_t time) {
411 // This routine checks whether a digit exists already for this tower
412 // and then decides whether to use the high or low gain info
414 // Called by Raw2Digits
416 AliEMCALDigit *digit = 0, *tmpdigit = 0;
418 TIter nextdigit(digitsArr);
419 while (digit == 0 && (tmpdigit = (AliEMCALDigit*) nextdigit())) {
420 if (tmpdigit->GetId() == id)
424 if (!digit) { // no digit existed for this tower; create one
426 amp = Int_t(fHighLowGainFactor * amp);
427 Int_t idigit = digitsArr->GetEntries();
428 new((*digitsArr)[idigit]) AliEMCALDigit( -1, -1, id, amp, time, idigit) ;
430 else { // a digit already exists, check range
431 // (use high gain if signal < cut value, otherwise low gain)
432 if (lowGain) { // new digit is low gain
433 if (digit->GetAmp() > fgkOverflowCut) { // use if stored digit is out of range
434 digit->SetAmp(Int_t(fHighLowGainFactor * amp));
435 digit->SetTime(time);
438 else if (amp < fgkOverflowCut) { // new digit is high gain; use if not out of range
440 digit->SetTime(time);
445 //____________________________________________________________________________
446 void AliEMCALRawUtils::FitRaw(TGraph * gSig, TF1* signalF, Float_t & amp, Float_t & time) const
448 // Fits the raw signal time distribution; from AliEMCALGetter
453 for (Int_t index = 0; index < fNPedSamples; index++) {
454 Double_t ttime, signal;
455 gSig->GetPoint(index, ttime, signal) ;
465 AliWarning("Could not determine pedestal");
466 ped = 10; // put some small value as first guess
473 Float_t maxFit = gSig->GetN();
474 Float_t minAfterSig = 9999;
475 Int_t tminAfterSig = gSig->GetN();
476 Int_t nPedAfterSig = 0;
477 Int_t plateauWidth = 0;
478 Int_t plateauStart = 9999;
481 for (Int_t i=fNPedSamples; i < gSig->GetN(); i++) {
482 Double_t ttime, signal;
483 gSig->GetPoint(i, ttime, signal) ;
484 if (!maxFound && signal > max) {
488 else if ( max > ped + fNoiseThreshold ) {
490 minAfterSig = signal;
494 if ( signal < minAfterSig) {
495 minAfterSig = signal;
498 if (i > tminAfterSig + 5) { // Two close peaks; end fit at minimum
499 maxFit = tminAfterSig;
502 if ( signal < cut*max){ //stop fit at 30% amplitude(avoid the pulse shape falling edge)
506 if ( signal < ped + fNoiseThreshold)
508 if (nPedAfterSig >= 5) { // include 5 pedestal bins after peak
513 //Add check on plateau
514 if (signal >= fgkRawSignalOverflow - fNoiseThreshold) {
515 if(plateauWidth == 0) plateauStart = i;
520 if(plateauWidth > 0) {
521 for(int j = 0; j < plateauWidth; j++) {
522 //Note, have to remove the same point N times because after each
523 //remove, the positions of all subsequent points have shifted down
524 gSig->RemovePoint(plateauStart);
528 if ( max - ped > fNoiseThreshold ) { // else its noise
529 AliDebug(2,Form("Fitting max %d ped %d", max, ped));
530 signalF->SetRange(0,maxFit);
533 signalF->SetParLimits(2,1,3);
535 signalF->SetParameter(4, ped) ;
536 signalF->SetParameter(1, iMax);
537 signalF->SetParameter(0, max);
539 gSig->Fit(signalF, "QROW"); // Note option 'W': equal errors on all points
540 amp = signalF->GetParameter(0);
541 time = signalF->GetParameter(1)*GetRawFormatTimeBinWidth() - fgTimeTrigger;
545 //__________________________________________________________________
546 Double_t AliEMCALRawUtils::RawResponseFunction(Double_t *x, Double_t *par)
548 // Matches version used in 2007 beam test
550 // Shape of the electronics raw reponse:
551 // It is a semi-gaussian, 2nd order Gamma function of the general form
553 // t' = (t - t0 + tau) / tau
554 // F = A * t**N * exp( N * ( 1 - t) ) for t >= 0
558 // A: par[0] // Amplitude = peak value
565 Double_t tau =par[2];
567 Double_t ped = par[4];
568 Double_t xx = ( x[0] - par[1] + tau ) / tau ;
573 signal = ped + par[0] * TMath::Power(xx , n) * TMath::Exp(n * (1 - xx )) ;
578 //__________________________________________________________________
579 Bool_t AliEMCALRawUtils::RawSampledResponse(
580 const Double_t dtime, const Double_t damp, Int_t * adcH, Int_t * adcL) const
582 // for a start time dtime and an amplitude damp given by digit,
583 // calculates the raw sampled response AliEMCAL::RawResponseFunction
585 Bool_t lowGain = kFALSE ;
587 // A: par[0] // Amplitude = peak value
593 TF1 signalF("signal", RawResponseFunction, 0, GetRawFormatTimeBins(), 5);
594 signalF.SetParameter(0, damp) ;
595 signalF.SetParameter(1, (dtime + fgTimeTrigger)/fgTimeBinWidth) ;
596 signalF.SetParameter(2, fTau) ;
597 signalF.SetParameter(3, fOrder);
598 signalF.SetParameter(4, fgPedestalValue);
600 for (Int_t iTime = 0; iTime < GetRawFormatTimeBins(); iTime++) {
601 Double_t signal = signalF.Eval(iTime) ;
603 //According to Terry Awes, 13-Apr-2008
604 //add gaussian noise in quadrature to each sample
605 //Double_t noise = gRandom->Gaus(0.,fgFEENoise);
606 //signal = sqrt(signal*signal + noise*noise);
608 // March 17,09 for fast fit simulations by Alexei Pavlinov.
609 // Get from PHOS analysis. In some sense it is open questions.
610 Double_t noise = gRandom->Gaus(0.,fgFEENoise);
613 adcH[iTime] = static_cast<Int_t>(signal + 0.5) ;
614 if ( adcH[iTime] > fgkRawSignalOverflow ){ // larger than 10 bits
615 adcH[iTime] = fgkRawSignalOverflow ;
619 signal /= fHighLowGainFactor;
621 adcL[iTime] = static_cast<Int_t>(signal + 0.5) ;
622 if ( adcL[iTime] > fgkRawSignalOverflow) // larger than 10 bits
623 adcL[iTime] = fgkRawSignalOverflow ;