1 #ifndef ALIHMPIDRAWSTREAM_H
2 #define ALIHMPIDRAWSTREAM_H
3 /* Copyright(c) 1998-1999, ALICE Experiment at CERN, All rights reserved. *
4 * See cxx source for full Copyright notice */
6 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
8 /// This is a class for reading raw data digits for HMPID.
9 /// The data format is taken from the document provided by Paolo Martinengo.
11 /// cvetan.cheshkov@cern.ch 19/07/2007
13 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
16 #include "AliHMPIDParam.h"
17 #include <AliBitPacking.h>
18 #include <AliFstream.h>
19 #include "AliHMPIDDigit.h"
21 #include "AliRawDataHeaderSim.h"
24 class AliHMPIDRawStream: public TObject {
26 AliHMPIDRawStream(AliRawReader* rawReader);
29 virtual ~AliHMPIDRawStream();
32 virtual Bool_t Next();
33 void InitVars(Int_t n);
36 static inline Int_t GetPad(Int_t ddl,Int_t row,Int_t dil,Int_t pad); //get absolute pad number
37 static Int_t GetNDDL() { return kNDDL;} //return the number of max # of DDLs
38 static Int_t GetNErrors() { return kSumErr;} //return the number of max # of Error Types
40 Int_t GetNPads() const { return fNPads;} //Get number of pads present in the stream
41 Int_t* GetPadArray() const { return fPad;} //Get pad array from stream decoded
42 Int_t* GetChargeArray() const { return fCharge;} //Get the charge of the pads from dedcoded stream
43 Int_t* GetnDDLInStream() const { return fnDDLInStream;} //Get the DDL input check array
44 Int_t* GetnDDLOutStream() const { return fnDDLOutStream;} //Get the DDL output check array
45 Int_t Pc ( Int_t ddl,Int_t row,Int_t dil,Int_t pad ) {return AliHMPIDParam::A2P(GetPad(ddl,row,dil,pad));} //PC position number
46 Int_t PadPcX ( Int_t ddl,Int_t row,Int_t dil,Int_t pad ) {return AliHMPIDParam::A2X(GetPad(ddl,row,dil,pad));} //pad pc x # 0..79
47 Int_t PadPcY ( Int_t ddl,Int_t row,Int_t dil,Int_t pad ) {return AliHMPIDParam::A2Y(GetPad(ddl,row,dil,pad));} //pad pc y # 0..47
49 static inline Char_t* GetErrName(Int_t eType);
50 inline Bool_t SetZeroSup (Bool_t isSup);
51 inline Bool_t GetZeroSup()const;
52 inline Int_t GetErrors(Int_t ddl,Int_t eType)const; //Get errors and occurance
53 Int_t GetDDLNumber() const{ return fDDLNumber;} //return the number of DDL actually being decoded
54 UInt_t GetLDCNumber() const{ return fLDCNumber;} //return the number of LDC actually being decoded
55 UInt_t GetTimeStamp() const{ return fTimeStamp;} //return the time stamp of the event actually being decoded
59 Bool_t ReadHMPIDRawData(); // Read HMPID Raw data
60 Bool_t ReadSegment(Int_t &cntSegment); // Read Segment
61 Bool_t ReadRow(Int_t &cntRow); // Read Row
62 Bool_t ReadDilogic(Int_t &cntDilogic); // Read Dilogic
64 Bool_t CheckRow(UInt_t row); // Check Row
65 Bool_t CheckDilogic(UInt_t dilogic); // Check Dilogic
66 Bool_t CheckPad(UInt_t pad); // Check pad
67 Bool_t CheckEoE(Int_t &nDil); // Check EoE
68 Bool_t CheckRowMarker(); // Check RowMarker
69 Bool_t CheckSegment(); // Check Segment
70 void DumpData(Int_t nw); // Dump Data
71 void StorePosition(); //Debug purpose
73 // inline void Raw (UInt_t &w32,Int_t &ddl,Int_t &r,Int_t &d,Int_t &a); //digit->(w32,ddl,r,d,a)
74 // inline void Raw (Int_t ddl,Int_t r,Int_t d,Int_t a); //raw->abs pad number
75 // inline Bool_t Raw (UInt_t w32,Int_t ddl,AliRawReader *pRR); //(w32,ddl)->digit
76 inline void WriteRaw (TObjArray *pDigLst ); //write as raw stream
77 inline void WriteRowMarker (AliFstream *ddl,UInt_t size);
78 inline void WriteEoE (AliFstream *ddl,UInt_t row,UInt_t dil,UInt_t wordCnt);
79 inline void WriteSegMarker (AliFstream *ddl,UInt_t row, Int_t nwInSeg);
81 // inline TClonesArray ReMap(TClonesArray *pDigIn);
82 enum EDirection {kFwd,kBwd};
84 enum Ebits {kbit0,kbit1 , kbit2, kbit3, kbit4, kbit5, kbit6, kbit7, kbit8,
85 kbit9 ,kbit10,kbit11,kbit12,kbit13,kbit14,kbit15,kbit16,
86 kbit17,kbit18,kbit19,kbit20,kbit21,kbit22,kbit23,kbit24,
87 kbit25,kbit26,kbit27,kbit28,kbit29,kbit30,kbit31,kbit32};
89 enum EHMPIDRawStreamError { kRawDataSizeErr = 0, kRowMarkerErr = 1, kWrongRowErr = 2, kWrongDilogicErr = 3,
90 kWrongPadErr = 4, kEoEFlagErr = 5, kEoESizeErr = 6, kEoEDILOGICErr = 7,
91 kEoERowErr = 8, kBadSegWordErr = 9, kWrongSegErr = 10, kRowMarkerSizeErr = 11,
92 kPedQZero =12, kSumErr = 13 //This is always the last one, to retreive the number of errors
93 }; //Always check the updated list of names in the .cxx file for print-out!
96 kNRows = 24, // Number of rows (starting from 1 !)//was25
97 kNDILOGICAdd = 10, // Number of DILOGIC addresses in a row (starting from 1 !) //was11
98 kNPadAdd = 48, // Number of pad row
99 kNRowsPerSegment = 8, // Number of rows per segment
102 enum EHMPIDRawError {
103 kInvalidRawDataWord = 1
109 AliHMPIDRawStream& operator = (const AliHMPIDRawStream& stream);
110 AliHMPIDRawStream(const AliHMPIDRawStream& stream);
112 Bool_t GetWord(Int_t n=1,EDirection dir=kFwd); // Get n-th word
113 UInt_t GetNextWord(); // Get next word
114 Int_t fNPads; // counter of pads in one DDL
115 Int_t *fCharge; // Array for charge values for all channels in one DDL
116 Int_t *fPad; // Array for abs pad values for all channels in one DDL
117 Int_t fDDLNumber; // index of current DDL number
118 Int_t *fnDDLInStream; // if the DDL is in the raw data
119 Int_t *fnDDLOutStream; // if the DDL is in the raw data
120 UInt_t fLDCNumber; // index of current LDC number
121 UInt_t fTimeStamp; // TimeStamp
122 AliRawReader *fRawReader; // object for reading the raw data
123 UChar_t *fData; // raw data
124 Int_t **fNumOfErr; // Store the numner of errors for a given error type and a given DDL
125 Int_t fPosition; // current word
126 UInt_t fWord; // current position in fData
127 Bool_t fZeroSup; // set if zero suppression is applied
128 Int_t *fPos; // for debug purposes
129 Int_t fiPos; // counter for debug
130 ClassDef(AliHMPIDRawStream, 2) // base class for reading HMPID raw digits
132 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
134 void AliHMPIDRawStream::Raw(UInt_t &w32,Int_t &ddl,Int_t &r,Int_t &d,Int_t &a)
136 // Convert raw stream word to raw word format
137 // Arguments: w32,ddl,r,d,a where to write the results
139 Int_t y2a[6]={5,3,1,0,2,4};
141 ddl=2*Ch(ddl,r,d,a)+Pc(ddl,r,d,a)%2; //DDL# 0..13
142 Int_t tmp=1+Pc(ddl,r,d,a)/2*8+PadPcY(ddl,r,d,a)/6; r=(Pc(ddl,r,d,a)%2)? 25-tmp:tmp; //row r=1..24
143 d=1+PadPcX(ddl,r,d,a)/8; //DILOGIC# 1..10
144 a=y2a[PadPcY(ddl,r,d,a)%6]+6*(PadPcX(ddl,r,d,a)%8); //ADDRESS 0..47
147 AliBitPacking::PackWord((fCharge[fNPads]>4095)?4095:(UInt_t)fCharge[fNPads],w32, 0,11); // 0000 0rrr rrdd ddaa aaaa qqqq qqqq qqqq Qdc bits (00..11) counts (0..4095)
148 //molnarl: Since in simulation the the charge can be > than 4095 but not in real life we need to protect. If fQ>4095 after packing we will get 0 for the charge!
149 assert(0<=a&&a<=47);AliBitPacking::PackWord( a ,w32,12,17); // 3322 2222 2222 1111 1111 1000 0000 0000 DILOGIC address bits (12..17) counts (0..47)
150 assert(1<=d&&d<=10);AliBitPacking::PackWord( d ,w32,18,21); // 1098 7654 3210 9876 5432 1098 7654 3210 DILOGIC number bits (18..21) counts (1..10)
151 assert(1<=r&&r<=24);AliBitPacking::PackWord( r ,w32,22,26); // Row number bits (22..26) counts (1..24)
154 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
156 Int_t AliHMPIDRawStream::Raw(Int_t ddl,Int_t r,Int_t d,Int_t a)
158 //Assign absolute pad ID based on ddl,row,dil,pad
159 //Arguments: DDL, row number, dilogic number, dilogic address(pad)
162 assert(0<=ddl&&ddl<=13); assert(1<=r&&r<=24); assert(1<=d&&d<=10); assert(0<=a&&a<=47);
163 Int_t a2y[6]={3,2,4,1,5,0};//pady for a given address (for single DILOGIC chip)
165 Int_t tmp=(r-1)/8; Int_t pc=(ddl%2)? 5-2*tmp:2*tmp;
166 Int_t px=(d-1)*8+a/6;
167 tmp=(ddl%2)?(24-r):r-1; Int_t py=6*(tmp%8)+a2y[a%6];
168 return AliHMPIDParam::Abs(ch,pc,px,py);
170 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
171 Bool_t AliHMPIDRawStream::Raw(UInt_t w32,Int_t ddl, AliRawReader *pRR)
173 // Converts a given raw data word to a digit
174 // Arguments: w32 - 32 bits raw data word
175 // ddl - DDL idx 0 1 2 3 4 ... 13
177 Int_t r = AliBitPacking::UnpackWord(w32,22,26); assert(1<=r&&r<=24); // Row number (1..24)
178 Int_t d = AliBitPacking::UnpackWord(w32,18,21); assert(1<=d&&d<=10); // 3322 2222 2222 1111 1111 1000 0000 0000 DILOGIC number (1..10)
179 Int_t a = AliBitPacking::UnpackWord(w32,12,17); assert(0<=a&&a<=47); // 1098 7654 3210 9876 5432 1098 7654 3210 DILOGIC address (0..47)
180 Int_t q = AliBitPacking::UnpackWord(w32, 0,11); assert(0<=q&&q<=4095); // 0000 0rrr rrdd ddaa aaaa qqqq qqqq qqqq Qdc (0..4095)
181 if (r<1 || r>24 || d<1 || d>10 || a<0 || a>47 || q<0 || q>4095) {
182 AliWarning(Form("Invalid raw data word %x",w32));
183 pRR->AddMajorErrorLog(kInvalidRawDataWord,Form("w=%x",w32));
187 fCharge[ddl][r][d][a]=q;
191 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
192 Int_t AliHMPIDRawStream::GetPad(Int_t ddl,Int_t row,Int_t dil,Int_t pad)
194 // The method returns the absolute pad number or -1
195 // in case the charge from the channels
196 // has not been read or invalid arguments
198 assert(0<=ddl&&ddl<=13);
199 assert(1<=row&&row<=24);
200 assert(1<=dil&&dil<=10);
201 assert(0<=pad&&pad<=47);
203 Int_t a2y[6]={3,2,4,1,5,0}; //pady for a given padress (for single DILOGIC chip)
205 Int_t tmp=(24-row)/8;
206 Int_t pc=(ddl%2)?5-2*tmp:2*tmp;
207 // Int_t px=(dil-1)*8+pad/6;
208 Int_t px=dil*8-pad/6-1; //flip according to Paolo (26-3-2008)
210 tmp=(ddl%2)?row-1:(24-row);
211 Int_t py=6*(tmp%8)+a2y[pad%6];
213 return AliHMPIDParam::Abs(ch,pc,px,py);
215 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
216 void AliHMPIDRawStream::WriteRowMarker(AliFstream *ddl,UInt_t size)
218 //Writes the row marker for real data and pedestal into the ddl stream
219 //Arguments: ddl stream and the size of the block of the given row, the siye is at least the 10 EoE words!
222 UInt_t marker=13992; //for pedestal=12968 == 32a8 for zero suppressed 36a8
223 AliBitPacking::PackWord(size, w32, 16,31); //number of roaw written after row marker (digits and EoE)
224 AliBitPacking::PackWord(marker,w32,0,15); //the marker word
225 ddl->WriteBuffer((char*)&w32,sizeof(w32));
227 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
228 void AliHMPIDRawStream::WriteEoE(AliFstream *ddl,UInt_t row,UInt_t dil,UInt_t wordCnt )
230 //Writes the EoE word from real data and pedestals into the ddl stream
231 //Arguments: ddl stream, row number, dilogic number and the number of words before the EoE
235 assert(1<=row&&row<=24); AliBitPacking::PackWord((UInt_t)row ,w32,22,26); // row number (1...24)
236 assert(1<=dil&&dil<=10); AliBitPacking::PackWord((UInt_t)dil ,w32,18,21); // DILOGIC number (1...10)
237 AliBitPacking::PackWord( e ,w32, 7,17); // event number -- not used
238 AliBitPacking::PackWord((UInt_t)wordCnt ,w32, 0, 6); // word counter (0...47) AliBitPacking::PackWord((UInt_t)1 ,w32,27,27); // bit 27 is always 1 by definition of EoE
239 AliBitPacking::PackWord((UInt_t)1 ,w32,27,27); // bit 27 is always 1 by definition of EoE
240 ddl->WriteBuffer((char*)&w32,sizeof(w32));
242 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
243 void AliHMPIDRawStream::WriteSegMarker(AliFstream *ddl,UInt_t row, Int_t nwInSeg)
245 //Writes the segment marker (after 8 rows) into the ddl stream
246 //Arguments: ddl stream and the segment: row 8 -> 0x5800, row 16 -> 5801, row 24 -> 5802 for pedestal
250 //Segment marker: 2736 == ab0
251 //AliBitPacking::PackWord((UInt_t)0 ,w32,27,31); //zero out the rest of the bits, since they are not needed
252 AliBitPacking::PackWord((UInt_t)2736 ,w32,20,31); //ab0 the segment marker word
253 AliBitPacking::PackWord((UInt_t)nwInSeg,w32, 8,19); //number of words in the segment
254 AliBitPacking::PackWord((UInt_t)(row/8),w32, 0, 7); //segment 0,1,2
255 ddl->WriteBuffer((char*)&w32,sizeof(w32));
256 //Printf("Segment word created is: %x",w32);
258 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
259 Bool_t AliHMPIDRawStream::SetZeroSup (Bool_t isSup)
261 //Prevision to turn OFF zero suppression
267 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
268 Bool_t AliHMPIDRawStream::GetZeroSup()const
270 if(fZeroSup==kTRUE) return kTRUE;
273 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
274 void AliHMPIDRawStream::WriteRaw(TObjArray *pDigAll)
276 // Write a list of digits for a given chamber in raw data stream
277 // Arguments: pDigAll- list of digits
279 Int_t ddl,r,d,a; //32 bits data word
280 Int_t cntLpad,cntRpad;
281 Int_t cntLrow,cntRrow;
282 Int_t cntL=0,cntR=0; //data words counters for DDLs
283 Int_t cntLeoe,cntReoe;
285 UInt_t cntLseg,cntRseg;
286 UInt_t cntwInLseg=0,cntwInRseg=0;
287 Int_t cntRdig=0,cntLdig=0;
289 UInt_t posLmarker,posRmarker;
292 Int_t isDigThere[14][25][11][48];
294 for(Int_t iCh=AliHMPIDParam::kMinCh;iCh<=AliHMPIDParam::kMaxCh;iCh++){//chambers loop
296 for(Int_t iddl=0;iddl<14;iddl++){
297 for(Int_t irow=1;irow<=24;irow++){
298 for(Int_t idil=1;idil<=10;idil++){
299 for(Int_t ipad=0;ipad<48;ipad++){
300 isDigThere[iddl][irow][idil][ipad]=-1;
306 AliFstream* ddlL; //output streams, 2 per chamber
309 AliRawDataHeaderSim header; header.SetAttribute(0); //empty DDL header
311 ddlL = new AliFstream(AliDAQ::DdlFileName("HMPID",2*iCh+1)); //left and right looking at the IP
312 ddlR = new AliFstream(AliDAQ::DdlFileName("HMPID",2*iCh)); //open both DDL of this chamber in parallel
314 ddlL->WriteBuffer((char*)&header,sizeof(header)); //write dummy header as place holder, actual
315 ddlR->WriteBuffer((char*)&header,sizeof(header)); //will be rewritten later when total size of DDL is known
317 UInt_t w32=0; //32 bits data word
320 TClonesArray *pDigCh=(TClonesArray *)pDigAll->At(iCh); //list of digits for current chamber
322 for(Int_t iDig=0;iDig<pDigCh->GetEntriesFast();iDig++){//digits loop
323 AliHMPIDDigit *pDig1=(AliHMPIDDigit*)pDigCh->At(iDig);
324 pDig1->Raw(w32,ddl,r,d,a); //??????????
325 isDigThere[ddl][r][d][a]=iDig;
328 for(Int_t row = 1; row <= AliHMPIDRawStream::kNRows; row++){ //AliHMPIDRawStream::kNRows=25!
329 cntRrow=0;cntLrow=0;cntLseg=0;cntRseg=0;//
331 posLmarker=ddlL->Tellp(); WriteRowMarker(ddlL,(UInt_t)1); cntL++; cntRrow++; cntwInRseg++;
332 posRmarker=ddlR->Tellp(); WriteRowMarker(ddlR,(UInt_t)1); cntR++; cntLrow++; cntwInLseg++;
333 for(Int_t dil = 1; dil <= AliHMPIDRawStream::kNDILOGICAdd; dil++){ //AliHMPIDRawStream::kNDILOGICAdd = 11!
335 for(Int_t pad = 0; pad < AliHMPIDRawStream::kNPadAdd; pad++){ //AliHMPIDRawStream::kNPadAdd = 48
336 for ( Int_t iddl=2*iCh; iddl<=2*iCh+1;iddl++){
337 if (isDigThere[iddl][row][dil][pad]!=-1) {
338 AliHMPIDDigit *pDig=(AliHMPIDDigit*)pDigCh->At(isDigThere[iddl][row][dil][pad]);
339 pDig->Raw(w32,ddl,r,d,a);
340 if(pDig->Q() < 0 ) continue; //We can turn of the zero sup for pedestal simulation
341 if(ddl%2){ //write raw digit selecting on DDL
342 ddlL->WriteBuffer((char*)&w32,sizeof(w32)); cntL++; cntLpad++; cntLrow++; cntLdig++; cntwInLseg++;//Printf(" WL: %x isDig: %d",w32,isDigThere[iddl][row][dil][pad]);
344 ddlR->WriteBuffer((char*)&w32,sizeof(w32)); cntR++; cntRpad++; cntRrow++; cntRdig++;cntwInRseg++;//Printf(" WR: %x isDig: %d",w32,isDigThere[iddl][row][dil][pad]);
349 WriteEoE(ddlL,row,dil,cntLpad); cntL++; cntLrow++; cntLeoe++; cntwInLseg++; //molnarl: write EoE markers
350 WriteEoE(ddlR,row,dil,cntRpad); cntR++; cntRrow++; cntReoe++; cntwInRseg++;
353 WriteSegMarker(ddlL,row,cntwInLseg); cntL++; cntLseg++; cntwInLseg=0;
354 WriteSegMarker(ddlR,row,cntwInRseg); cntR++; cntRseg++; cntwInRseg=0;
356 posL=ddlL->Tellp(); ddlL->Seekp(posLmarker); WriteRowMarker(ddlL,(UInt_t)(cntLrow-1)); ddlL->Seekp(posL); //find the marker position write and go back to the actual position to continue writing
357 posR=ddlR->Tellp(); ddlR->Seekp(posRmarker); WriteRowMarker(ddlR,(UInt_t)(cntRrow-1)); ddlR->Seekp(posR);
359 header.fSize=sizeof(header)+cntL*sizeof(w32); ddlL->Seekp(0); ddlL->WriteBuffer((char*)&header,sizeof(header)); delete ddlL; //rewrite header with size set to
360 header.fSize=sizeof(header)+cntR*sizeof(w32); ddlR->Seekp(0); ddlR->WriteBuffer((char*)&header,sizeof(header)); delete ddlR; //number of bytes and close file
362 //Printf("In Ch %d # digits written to LDD %d RDDL %d",iCh,cntLdig,cntRdig);
366 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
367 Int_t AliHMPIDRawStream::GetErrors(Int_t ddl,Int_t eType)const
369 // Return the number of errors for a given error tye during raw data reading
370 // Arguments: errorType
371 // Returns: error or -999 if error Type does not exist
373 if(eType < 0 || eType> kSumErr || ddl < 0 || ddl > kNDDL-1 ) return -999;
374 else return fNumOfErr[ddl][eType];
376 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
377 Char_t* AliHMPIDRawStream::GetErrName(Int_t eType)
379 // Return the name of the error for a given error tye during raw data reading
380 // Arguments: errorType
381 // Returns: error or -999 if error Type does not exist
382 Char_t *eName[]={ "kRawDataSizeErr", "kRowMarkerErr" , "kWrongRowErr" , "kWrongDilogicErr",
383 "kWrongPadErr" , "kEoEFlagErr" , "kEoESizeErr" , "kEoEDILOGICErr",
384 "kEoERowErr" , "kBadSegWordErr", "kWrongSegErr" , "kRowMarkerSizeErr",
385 "kPedQZero" , "kSumErr" };
386 Char_t *eNoErr="NotDefinedErrorType";
387 if(eType<0 || eType>kSumErr) return eNoErr;
388 else return eName[eType];
390 //++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++