1 /**************************************************************************
2 * Copyright(c) 1998-1999, ALICE Experiment at CERN, All rights reserved. *
4 * Author: The ALICE Off-line Project. *
5 * Contributors are mentioned in the code where appropriate. *
7 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its *
8 * documentation strictly for non-commercial purposes is hereby granted *
9 * without fee, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all *
10 * copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission notice *
11 * appear in the supporting documentation. The authors make no claims *
12 * about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is *
13 * provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. *
14 **************************************************************************/
16 /* History of cvs commits:
19 * Revision 1.89 2005/05/28 12:10:07 schutz
20 * Copy constructor is corrected (by T.P.)
24 //_________________________________________________________________________
25 // Base Class for PHOS description:
26 // PHOS consists of a PbWO4 calorimeter (EMCA) and a gazeous charged
27 // particles detector (CPV or PPSD).
28 // The only provided method here is CreateMaterials,
29 // which defines the materials common to all PHOS versions.
31 //*-- Author: Laurent Aphecetche & Yves Schutz (SUBATECH)
32 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
35 // --- ROOT system ---
39 #include <TVirtualMC.h>
44 // --- Standard library ---
46 // --- AliRoot header files ---
49 #include "AliPHOSGetter.h"
51 #include "AliPHOSDigitizer.h"
52 #include "AliPHOSSDigitizer.h"
53 #include "AliPHOSDigit.h"
54 #include "AliAltroBuffer.h"
59 Double_t AliPHOS::fgCapa = 1.; // 1pF
60 Int_t AliPHOS::fgOrder = 2 ;
61 Double_t AliPHOS::fgTimeMax = 2.56E-5 ; // each sample is over 100 ns fTimeMax/fTimeBins
62 Double_t AliPHOS::fgTimePeak = 4.1E-6 ; // 4 micro seconds
63 Double_t AliPHOS::fgTimeTrigger = 100E-9 ; // 100ns, just for a reference
65 //____________________________________________________________________________
66 AliPHOS:: AliPHOS() : AliDetector()
73 //____________________________________________________________________________
74 AliPHOS::AliPHOS(const char* name, const char* title): AliDetector(name, title)
76 // ctor : title is used to identify the layout
78 fHighCharge = 8.2 ; // adjusted for a high gain range of 5.12 GeV (10 bits)
80 fHighLowGainFactor = 16. ; // adjusted for a low gain range of 82 GeV (10 bits)
81 fLowGainOffset = GetGeometry()->GetNModules() + 1 ;
82 // offset added to the module id to distinguish high and low gain data
85 //____________________________________________________________________________
90 //____________________________________________________________________________
91 void AliPHOS::Copy(TObject &obj)const
93 // copy method to be used byy the cpy ctor
96 AliPHOS &phos = static_cast<AliPHOS &>(obj);
98 phos.fHighCharge = fHighCharge ;
99 phos.fHighGain = fHighGain ;
100 phos.fHighLowGainFactor = fHighLowGainFactor ;
101 phos.fLowGainOffset = fLowGainOffset;
104 //____________________________________________________________________________
105 AliDigitizer* AliPHOS::CreateDigitizer(AliRunDigitizer* manager) const
107 return new AliPHOSDigitizer(manager);
110 //____________________________________________________________________________
111 void AliPHOS::CreateMaterials()
113 // Definitions of materials to build PHOS and associated tracking media.
114 // media number in idtmed are 699 to 798.
116 // --- The PbWO4 crystals ---
117 Float_t aX[3] = {207.19, 183.85, 16.0} ;
118 Float_t zX[3] = {82.0, 74.0, 8.0} ;
119 Float_t wX[3] = {1.0, 1.0, 4.0} ;
122 AliMixture(0, "PbWO4$", aX, zX, dX, -3, wX) ;
125 // --- The polysterene scintillator (CH) ---
126 Float_t aP[2] = {12.011, 1.00794} ;
127 Float_t zP[2] = {6.0, 1.0} ;
128 Float_t wP[2] = {1.0, 1.0} ;
131 AliMixture(1, "Polystyrene$", aP, zP, dP, -2, wP) ;
134 AliMaterial(2, "Al$", 26.98, 13., 2.7, 8.9, 999., 0, 0) ;
135 // --- Absorption length is ignored ^
137 // --- Tyvek (CnH2n) ---
138 Float_t aT[2] = {12.011, 1.00794} ;
139 Float_t zT[2] = {6.0, 1.0} ;
140 Float_t wT[2] = {1.0, 2.0} ;
143 AliMixture(3, "Tyvek$", aT, zT, dT, -2, wT) ;
145 // --- Polystyrene foam ---
146 Float_t aF[2] = {12.011, 1.00794} ;
147 Float_t zF[2] = {6.0, 1.0} ;
148 Float_t wF[2] = {1.0, 1.0} ;
151 AliMixture(4, "Foam$", aF, zF, dF, -2, wF) ;
154 Float_t aTIT[3] = {47.88, 26.98, 54.94} ;
155 Float_t zTIT[3] = {22.0, 13.0, 25.0} ;
156 Float_t wTIT[3] = {69.0, 6.0, 1.0} ;
159 AliMixture(5, "Titanium$", aTIT, zTIT, dTIT, -3, wTIT);
162 AliMaterial(6, "Si$", 28.0855, 14., 2.33, 9.36, 42.3, 0, 0) ;
166 // --- Foam thermo insulation ---
167 Float_t aTI[2] = {12.011, 1.00794} ;
168 Float_t zTI[2] = {6.0, 1.0} ;
169 Float_t wTI[2] = {1.0, 1.0} ;
172 AliMixture(7, "Thermo Insul.$", aTI, zTI, dTI, -2, wTI) ;
175 Float_t aTX[4] = {16.0, 28.09, 12.011, 1.00794} ;
176 Float_t zTX[4] = {8.0, 14.0, 6.0, 1.0} ;
177 Float_t wTX[4] = {292.0, 68.0, 462.0, 736.0} ;
180 AliMixture(8, "Textolit$", aTX, zTX, dTX, -4, wTX) ;
183 Float_t aFR[4] = {16.0, 28.09, 12.011, 1.00794} ;
184 Float_t zFR[4] = {8.0, 14.0, 6.0, 1.0} ;
185 Float_t wFR[4] = {292.0, 68.0, 462.0, 736.0} ;
188 AliMixture(9, "FR4$", aFR, zFR, dFR, -4, wFR) ;
190 // --- The Composite Material for micromegas (so far polyetylene) ---
191 Float_t aCM[2] = {12.01, 1.} ;
192 Float_t zCM[2] = {6., 1.} ;
193 Float_t wCM[2] = {1., 2.} ;
194 Float_t dCM = 0.935 ;
196 AliMixture(10, "Compo Mat$", aCM, zCM, dCM, -2, wCM) ;
199 AliMaterial(11, "Cu$", 63.546, 29, 8.96, 1.43, 14.8, 0, 0) ;
201 // --- G10 : Printed Circuit material ---
202 Float_t aG10[4] = { 12., 1., 16., 28.} ;
203 Float_t zG10[4] = { 6., 1., 8., 14.} ;
204 Float_t wG10[4] = { .259, .288, .248, .205} ;
207 AliMixture(12, "G10$", aG10, zG10, dG10, -4, wG10);
210 AliMaterial(13, "Pb$", 207.2, 82, 11.35, 0.56, 0., 0, 0) ;
212 // --- The gas mixture ---
214 Float_t aCO[2] = {12.0, 16.0} ;
215 Float_t zCO[2] = {6.0, 8.0} ;
216 Float_t wCO[2] = {1.0, 2.0} ;
217 Float_t dCO = 0.001977 ;
219 AliMixture(14, "CO2$", aCO, zCO, dCO, -2, wCO);
222 Float_t dAr = 0.001782 ;
223 AliMaterial(15, "Ar$", 39.948, 18.0, dAr, 14.0, 0., 0, 0) ;
226 Char_t namate[21]="";
232 Float_t absL, radL, density ;
236 gMC->Gfmate((*fIdmate)[15], namate, aGM[0], zGM[0], density, radL, absL, buf, nbuf) ; // Get properties of Ar
237 gMC->Gfmate((*fIdmate)[14], namate, aGM[1], zGM[1], density, radL, absL, buf, nbuf) ; // Get properties of CO2
240 // Create gas mixture
242 Float_t arContent = 0.80 ; // Ar-content of the Ar/CO2-mixture (80% / 20%)
245 wGM[1] = 1. - arContent ;
246 dGM = wGM[0] * dAr + wGM[1] * dCO;
249 AliMixture(16, "ArCO2$", aGM, zGM, dGM, 2, wGM) ;
251 // --- Stainless steel (let it be pure iron) ---
252 AliMaterial(17, "Steel$", 55.845, 26, 7.87, 1.76, 0., 0, 0) ;
255 // --- Fiberglass ---
256 Float_t aFG[4] = {16.0, 28.09, 12.011, 1.00794} ;
257 Float_t zFG[4] = {8.0, 14.0, 6.0, 1.0} ;
258 Float_t wFG[4] = {292.0, 68.0, 462.0, 736.0} ;
261 AliMixture(18, "Fibergla$", aFG, zFG, dFG, -4, wFG) ;
263 // --- Cables in Air box ---
266 Float_t aCA[4] = { 1.,12.,55.8,63.5 };
267 Float_t zCA[4] = { 1.,6.,26.,29. };
268 Float_t wCA[4] = { .014,.086,.42,.48 };
269 Float_t dCA = 0.8 ; //this density is raw estimation, if you know better - correct
271 AliMixture(19, "Cables $", aCA, zCA, dCA, -4, wCA) ;
275 Float_t aAir[4]={12.0107,14.0067,15.9994,39.948};
276 Float_t zAir[4]={6.,7.,8.,18.};
277 Float_t wAir[4]={0.000124,0.755267,0.231781,0.012827};
278 Float_t dAir = 1.20479E-3;
280 AliMixture(99, "Air$", aAir, zAir, dAir, 4, wAir) ;
282 // DEFINITION OF THE TRACKING MEDIA
284 // for PHOS: idtmed[699->798] equivalent to fIdtmed[0->100]
285 Int_t * idtmed = fIdtmed->GetArray() - 699 ;
286 Int_t isxfld = gAlice->Field()->Integ() ;
287 Float_t sxmgmx = gAlice->Field()->Max() ;
289 // The scintillator of the calorimeter made of PBW04 -> idtmed[699]
290 AliMedium(0, "PHOS Xtal $", 0, 1,
291 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
293 // The scintillator of the CPV made of Polystyrene scintillator -> idtmed[700]
294 AliMedium(1, "CPV scint. $", 1, 1,
295 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
297 // Various Aluminium parts made of Al -> idtmed[701]
298 AliMedium(2, "Al parts $", 2, 0,
299 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.001, 0.001, 0, 0) ;
301 // The Tywek which wraps the calorimeter crystals -> idtmed[702]
302 AliMedium(3, "Tyvek wrapper$", 3, 0,
303 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.001, 0.001, 0, 0) ;
305 // The Polystyrene foam around the calorimeter module -> idtmed[703]
306 AliMedium(4, "Polyst. foam $", 4, 0,
307 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
309 // The Titanium around the calorimeter crystal -> idtmed[704]
310 AliMedium(5, "Titan. cover $", 5, 0,
311 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.0001, 0.0001, 0, 0) ;
313 // The Silicon of the pin diode to read out the calorimeter crystal -> idtmed[705]
314 AliMedium(6, "Si PIN $", 6, 0,
315 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.01, 0, 0) ;
317 // The thermo insulating material of the box which contains the calorimeter module -> idtmed[706]
318 AliMedium(7, "Thermo Insul.$", 7, 0,
319 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
321 // The Textolit which makes up the box which contains the calorimeter module -> idtmed[707]
322 AliMedium(8, "Textolit $", 8, 0,
323 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
325 // FR4: The Plastic which makes up the frame of micromegas -> idtmed[708]
326 AliMedium(9, "FR4 $", 9, 0,
327 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.0001, 0, 0) ;
330 // The Composite Material for micromegas -> idtmed[709]
331 AliMedium(10, "CompoMat $", 10, 0,
332 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
334 // Copper -> idtmed[710]
335 AliMedium(11, "Copper $", 11, 0,
336 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.0001, 0, 0) ;
338 // G10: Printed Circuit material -> idtmed[711]
340 AliMedium(12, "G10 $", 12, 0,
341 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.01, 0, 0) ;
343 // The Lead -> idtmed[712]
345 AliMedium(13, "Lead $", 13, 0,
346 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
348 // The gas mixture: ArCo2 -> idtmed[715]
350 AliMedium(16, "ArCo2 $", 16, 1,
351 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.01, 0, 0) ;
353 // Stainless steel -> idtmed[716]
354 AliMedium(17, "Steel $", 17, 0,
355 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.0001, 0, 0) ;
357 // Fibergalss -> idtmed[717]
358 AliMedium(18, "Fiberglass$", 18, 0,
359 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
361 // Cables in air -> idtmed[718]
362 AliMedium(19, "Cables $", 19, 0,
363 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
365 // Air -> idtmed[798]
366 AliMedium(99, "Air $", 99, 0,
367 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 1.0, 0.1, 0.1, 10.0, 0, 0) ;
369 // --- Set decent energy thresholds for gamma and electron tracking
371 // Tracking threshold for photons and electrons in the scintillator crystal
372 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[699], "CUTGAM",0.5E-4) ;
373 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[699], "CUTELE",1.0E-4) ;
375 // --- Generate explicitly delta rays in the titan cover ---
376 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[704], "LOSS",3.) ;
377 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[704], "DRAY",1.) ;
378 // --- and in aluminium parts ---
379 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[701], "LOSS",3.) ;
380 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[701], "DRAY",1.) ;
381 // --- and in PIN diode
382 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[705], "LOSS",3) ;
383 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[705], "DRAY",1) ;
384 // --- and in the passive convertor
385 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[712], "LOSS",3) ;
386 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[712], "DRAY",1) ;
387 // Tracking threshold for photons and electrons in the gas ArC02
388 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTGAM",1.E-5) ;
389 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTELE",1.E-5) ;
390 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTNEU",1.E-5) ;
391 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTHAD",1.E-5) ;
392 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTMUO",1.E-5) ;
393 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "BCUTE",1.E-5) ;
394 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "BCUTM",1.E-5) ;
395 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "DCUTE",1.E-5) ;
396 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "DCUTM",1.E-5) ;
397 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "PPCUTM",1.E-5) ;
398 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "LOSS",2.) ;
399 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "DRAY",0.) ;
400 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "STRA",2.) ;
404 //____________________________________________________________________________
405 void AliPHOS::Digits2Raw()
407 // convert digits of the current event to raw data
409 AliPHOSLoader * loader = dynamic_cast<AliPHOSLoader*>(fLoader) ;
412 loader->LoadDigits();
413 TClonesArray* digits = loader->Digits() ;
416 AliError(Form("No digits found !"));
421 loader->LoadDigitizer();
422 AliPHOSDigitizer * digitizer = dynamic_cast<AliPHOSDigitizer *>(loader->Digitizer()) ;
425 AliPHOSGeometry* geom = GetGeometry();
427 AliError(Form("No geometry found !"));
431 // some digitization constants
432 const Int_t kDDLOffset = 0x600; // assigned to PHOS
433 const Int_t kThreshold = 1; // skip digits below this threshold
435 AliAltroBuffer* buffer = NULL;
437 Int_t adcValuesLow[fkTimeBins];
438 Int_t adcValuesHigh[fkTimeBins];
440 // loop over digits (assume ordered digits)
441 for (Int_t iDigit = 0; iDigit < digits->GetEntries(); iDigit++) {
442 AliPHOSDigit* digit = dynamic_cast<AliPHOSDigit *>(digits->At(iDigit)) ;
443 if (digit->GetAmp() < kThreshold)
446 geom->AbsToRelNumbering(digit->GetId(), relId);
447 Int_t module = relId[0];
451 continue; // ignore digits from CPV
454 // PHOS EMCA has 4 DDL per module. Splitting is done based on the row number
455 Int_t iDDL = 4 * (module - 1) + (4 * (relId[2] - 1)) / geom->GetNPhi();
458 if (iDDL != prevDDL) {
459 // write real header and close previous file
462 buffer->WriteDataHeader(kFALSE, kFALSE);
466 // open new file and write dummy header
467 TString fileName("PHOS_") ;
468 fileName += (iDDL + kDDLOffset) ;
470 buffer = new AliAltroBuffer(fileName.Data(), 1);
471 buffer->WriteDataHeader(kTRUE, kFALSE); //Dummy;
476 // out of time range signal (?)
477 if (digit->GetTimeR() > GetRawFormatTimeMax() ) {
478 buffer->FillBuffer(digit->GetAmp());
479 buffer->FillBuffer(GetRawFormatTimeBins() ); // time bin
480 buffer->FillBuffer(3); // bunch length
481 buffer->WriteTrailer(3, relId[3], relId[2], module); // trailer
483 // calculate the time response function
485 Double_t energy = 0 ;
486 if ( digit->GetId() <= geom->GetNModules() * geom->GetNCristalsInModule())
487 energy = digit->GetAmp() * digitizer->GetEMCchannel() + digitizer->GetEMCpedestal() ;
489 energy = digit->GetAmp() * digitizer->GetCPVchannel() + digitizer->GetCPVpedestal() ;
491 Bool_t lowgain = RawSampledResponse(digit->GetTimeR(), energy, adcValuesHigh, adcValuesLow) ;
494 buffer->WriteChannel(relId[3], relId[2], module + fLowGainOffset,
495 GetRawFormatTimeBins(), adcValuesLow, kThreshold);
497 buffer->WriteChannel(relId[3], relId[2], module,
498 GetRawFormatTimeBins(), adcValuesHigh, kThreshold);
503 // write real header and close last file
506 buffer->WriteDataHeader(kFALSE, kFALSE);
510 loader->UnloadDigits();
513 //____________________________________________________________________________
514 void AliPHOS::Hits2SDigits()
516 // create summable digits
518 AliPHOSSDigitizer phosDigitizer(fLoader->GetRunLoader()->GetFileName().Data()) ;
519 phosDigitizer.SetEventRange(0, -1) ; // do all the events
520 phosDigitizer.ExecuteTask("all") ;
523 //____________________________________________________________________________
524 AliLoader* AliPHOS::MakeLoader(const char* topfoldername)
526 //different behaviour than standard (singleton getter)
527 // --> to be discussed and made eventually coherent
528 fLoader = new AliPHOSLoader(GetName(),topfoldername);
532 //__________________________________________________________________
533 Double_t AliPHOS::RawResponseFunction(Double_t *x, Double_t *par)
535 // Shape of the electronics raw reponse:
536 // It is a semi-gaussian, 2nd order Gamma function of the general form
537 // v(t) = n**n * Q * A**n / C *(t/tp)**n * exp(-n * t/tp) with
538 // tp : peaking time par[0]
539 // n : order of the function
540 // C : integrating capacitor in the preamplifier
541 // A : open loop gain of the preamplifier
542 // Q : the total APD charge to be measured Q = C * energy
545 Double_t xx = x[0] - ( fgTimeTrigger + par[3] ) ;
547 if (xx < 0 || xx > fgTimeMax)
550 Double_t fac = par[0] * TMath::Power(fgOrder, fgOrder) * TMath::Power(par[1], fgOrder) / fgCapa ;
551 signal = fac * par[2] * TMath::Power(xx / fgTimePeak, fgOrder) * TMath::Exp(-fgOrder * (xx / fgTimePeak)) ;
556 //__________________________________________________________________
557 Double_t AliPHOS::RawResponseFunctionMax(Double_t charge, Double_t gain)
559 return ( charge * TMath::Power(fgOrder, fgOrder) * TMath::Power(gain, fgOrder)
560 / ( fgCapa * TMath::Exp(fgOrder) ) );
564 //__________________________________________________________________
565 Bool_t AliPHOS::RawSampledResponse(const Double_t dtime, const Double_t damp, Int_t * adcH, Int_t * adcL) const
567 // for a start time dtime and an amplitude damp given by digit,
568 // calculates the raw sampled response AliPHOS::RawResponseFunction
570 const Int_t kRawSignalOverflow = 0x3FF ;
571 Bool_t lowGain = kFALSE ;
573 TF1 signalF("signal", RawResponseFunction, 0, GetRawFormatTimeMax(), 4);
575 for (Int_t iTime = 0; iTime < GetRawFormatTimeBins(); iTime++) {
576 signalF.SetParameter(0, GetRawFormatHighCharge() ) ;
577 signalF.SetParameter(1, GetRawFormatHighGain() ) ;
578 signalF.SetParameter(2, damp) ;
579 signalF.SetParameter(3, dtime) ;
580 Double_t time = iTime * GetRawFormatTimeMax() / GetRawFormatTimeBins() ;
581 Double_t signal = signalF.Eval(time) ;
582 if ( static_cast<Int_t>(signal+0.5) > kRawSignalOverflow ){ // larger than 10 bits
583 signal = kRawSignalOverflow ;
586 adcH[iTime] = static_cast<Int_t>(signal + 0.5) ;
588 signalF.SetParameter(0, GetRawFormatLowCharge() ) ;
589 signalF.SetParameter(1, GetRawFormatLowGain() ) ;
590 signal = signalF.Eval(time) ;
591 if ( static_cast<Int_t>(signal+0.5) > kRawSignalOverflow) // larger than 10 bits
592 signal = kRawSignalOverflow ;
593 adcL[iTime] = static_cast<Int_t>(0.5 + signal ) ;
599 //____________________________________________________________________________
600 void AliPHOS::SetTreeAddress()
602 // Links Hits in the Tree to Hits array
605 sprintf(branchname,"%s",GetName());
606 // Branch address for hit tree
607 TTree *treeH = TreeH();
609 branch = treeH->GetBranch(branchname);
612 if (fHits == 0x0) fHits= new TClonesArray("AliPHOSHit",1000);
613 //AliInfo(Form("<%s> Setting Hits Address",GetName()));
614 branch->SetAddress(&fHits);