1 /**************************************************************************
2 * Copyright(c) 1998-1999, ALICE Experiment at CERN, All rights reserved. *
4 * Author: The ALICE Off-line Project. *
5 * Contributors are mentioned in the code where appropriate. *
7 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its *
8 * documentation strictly for non-commercial purposes is hereby granted *
9 * without fee, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all *
10 * copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission notice *
11 * appear in the supporting documentation. The authors make no claims *
12 * about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is *
13 * provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. *
14 **************************************************************************/
16 /* History of cvs commits:
21 //_________________________________________________________________________
22 // Base Class for PHOS description:
23 // PHOS consists of a PbWO4 calorimeter (EMCA) and a gazeous charged
24 // particles detector (CPV or PPSD).
25 // The only provided method here is CreateMaterials,
26 // which defines the materials common to all PHOS versions.
28 //*-- Author: Laurent Aphecetche & Yves Schutz (SUBATECH)
29 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
32 // --- ROOT system ---
36 #include <TVirtualMC.h>
41 // --- Standard library ---
43 // --- AliRoot header files ---
46 #include "AliPHOSGetter.h"
48 #include "AliPHOSDigitizer.h"
49 #include "AliPHOSSDigitizer.h"
50 #include "AliPHOSDigit.h"
51 #include "AliAltroBuffer.h"
56 Double_t AliPHOS::fgCapa = 1.; // 1pF
57 Int_t AliPHOS::fgOrder = 2 ;
58 Double_t AliPHOS::fgTimeMax = 2.56E-5 ; // each sample is over 100 ns fTimeMax/fTimeBins
59 Double_t AliPHOS::fgTimePeak = 4.1E-6 ; // 4 micro seconds
60 Double_t AliPHOS::fgTimeTrigger = 100E-9 ; // 100ns, just for a reference
62 //____________________________________________________________________________
63 AliPHOS:: AliPHOS() : AliDetector()
71 //____________________________________________________________________________
72 AliPHOS::AliPHOS(const char* name, const char* title): AliDetector(name, title)
74 // ctor : title is used to identify the layout
77 fHighCharge = 8.2 ; // adjusted for a high gain range of 5.12 GeV (10 bits)
79 fHighLowGainFactor = 16. ; // adjusted for a low gain range of 82 GeV (10 bits)
80 fLowGainOffset = GetGeometry()->GetNModules() + 1 ;
81 // offset added to the module id to distinguish high and low gain data
84 //____________________________________________________________________________
89 //____________________________________________________________________________
90 void AliPHOS::Copy(TObject &obj)const
92 // copy method to be used byy the cpy ctor
95 AliPHOS &phos = static_cast<AliPHOS &>(obj);
97 phos.fHighCharge = fHighCharge ;
98 phos.fHighGain = fHighGain ;
99 phos.fHighLowGainFactor = fHighLowGainFactor ;
100 phos.fLowGainOffset = fLowGainOffset;
103 //____________________________________________________________________________
104 AliDigitizer* AliPHOS::CreateDigitizer(AliRunDigitizer* manager) const
106 return new AliPHOSDigitizer(manager);
109 //____________________________________________________________________________
110 void AliPHOS::CreateMaterials()
112 // Definitions of materials to build PHOS and associated tracking media.
113 // media number in idtmed are 699 to 798.
115 // --- The PbWO4 crystals ---
116 Float_t aX[3] = {207.19, 183.85, 16.0} ;
117 Float_t zX[3] = {82.0, 74.0, 8.0} ;
118 Float_t wX[3] = {1.0, 1.0, 4.0} ;
121 AliMixture(0, "PbWO4$", aX, zX, dX, -3, wX) ;
124 // --- The polysterene scintillator (CH) ---
125 Float_t aP[2] = {12.011, 1.00794} ;
126 Float_t zP[2] = {6.0, 1.0} ;
127 Float_t wP[2] = {1.0, 1.0} ;
130 AliMixture(1, "Polystyrene$", aP, zP, dP, -2, wP) ;
133 AliMaterial(2, "Al$", 26.98, 13., 2.7, 8.9, 999., 0, 0) ;
134 // --- Absorption length is ignored ^
136 // --- Tyvek (CnH2n) ---
137 Float_t aT[2] = {12.011, 1.00794} ;
138 Float_t zT[2] = {6.0, 1.0} ;
139 Float_t wT[2] = {1.0, 2.0} ;
142 AliMixture(3, "Tyvek$", aT, zT, dT, -2, wT) ;
144 // --- Polystyrene foam ---
145 Float_t aF[2] = {12.011, 1.00794} ;
146 Float_t zF[2] = {6.0, 1.0} ;
147 Float_t wF[2] = {1.0, 1.0} ;
150 AliMixture(4, "Foam$", aF, zF, dF, -2, wF) ;
153 Float_t aTIT[3] = {47.88, 26.98, 54.94} ;
154 Float_t zTIT[3] = {22.0, 13.0, 25.0} ;
155 Float_t wTIT[3] = {69.0, 6.0, 1.0} ;
158 AliMixture(5, "Titanium$", aTIT, zTIT, dTIT, -3, wTIT);
161 AliMaterial(6, "Si$", 28.0855, 14., 2.33, 9.36, 42.3, 0, 0) ;
165 // --- Foam thermo insulation ---
166 Float_t aTI[2] = {12.011, 1.00794} ;
167 Float_t zTI[2] = {6.0, 1.0} ;
168 Float_t wTI[2] = {1.0, 1.0} ;
171 AliMixture(7, "Thermo Insul.$", aTI, zTI, dTI, -2, wTI) ;
174 Float_t aTX[4] = {16.0, 28.09, 12.011, 1.00794} ;
175 Float_t zTX[4] = {8.0, 14.0, 6.0, 1.0} ;
176 Float_t wTX[4] = {292.0, 68.0, 462.0, 736.0} ;
179 AliMixture(8, "Textolit$", aTX, zTX, dTX, -4, wTX) ;
182 Float_t aFR[4] = {16.0, 28.09, 12.011, 1.00794} ;
183 Float_t zFR[4] = {8.0, 14.0, 6.0, 1.0} ;
184 Float_t wFR[4] = {292.0, 68.0, 462.0, 736.0} ;
187 AliMixture(9, "FR4$", aFR, zFR, dFR, -4, wFR) ;
189 // --- The Composite Material for micromegas (so far polyetylene) ---
190 Float_t aCM[2] = {12.01, 1.} ;
191 Float_t zCM[2] = {6., 1.} ;
192 Float_t wCM[2] = {1., 2.} ;
193 Float_t dCM = 0.935 ;
195 AliMixture(10, "Compo Mat$", aCM, zCM, dCM, -2, wCM) ;
198 AliMaterial(11, "Cu$", 63.546, 29, 8.96, 1.43, 14.8, 0, 0) ;
200 // --- G10 : Printed Circuit material ---
201 Float_t aG10[4] = { 12., 1., 16., 28.} ;
202 Float_t zG10[4] = { 6., 1., 8., 14.} ;
203 Float_t wG10[4] = { .259, .288, .248, .205} ;
206 AliMixture(12, "G10$", aG10, zG10, dG10, -4, wG10);
209 AliMaterial(13, "Pb$", 207.2, 82, 11.35, 0.56, 0., 0, 0) ;
211 // --- The gas mixture ---
213 Float_t aCO[2] = {12.0, 16.0} ;
214 Float_t zCO[2] = {6.0, 8.0} ;
215 Float_t wCO[2] = {1.0, 2.0} ;
216 Float_t dCO = 0.001977 ;
218 AliMixture(14, "CO2$", aCO, zCO, dCO, -2, wCO);
221 Float_t dAr = 0.001782 ;
222 AliMaterial(15, "Ar$", 39.948, 18.0, dAr, 14.0, 0., 0, 0) ;
225 Char_t namate[21]="";
231 Float_t absL, radL, density ;
235 gMC->Gfmate((*fIdmate)[15], namate, aGM[0], zGM[0], density, radL, absL, buf, nbuf) ; // Get properties of Ar
236 gMC->Gfmate((*fIdmate)[14], namate, aGM[1], zGM[1], density, radL, absL, buf, nbuf) ; // Get properties of CO2
239 // Create gas mixture
241 Float_t arContent = 0.80 ; // Ar-content of the Ar/CO2-mixture (80% / 20%)
244 wGM[1] = 1. - arContent ;
245 dGM = wGM[0] * dAr + wGM[1] * dCO;
248 AliMixture(16, "ArCO2$", aGM, zGM, dGM, 2, wGM) ;
250 // --- Stainless steel (let it be pure iron) ---
251 AliMaterial(17, "Steel$", 55.845, 26, 7.87, 1.76, 0., 0, 0) ;
254 // --- Fiberglass ---
255 Float_t aFG[4] = {16.0, 28.09, 12.011, 1.00794} ;
256 Float_t zFG[4] = {8.0, 14.0, 6.0, 1.0} ;
257 Float_t wFG[4] = {292.0, 68.0, 462.0, 736.0} ;
260 AliMixture(18, "Fibergla$", aFG, zFG, dFG, -4, wFG) ;
262 // --- Cables in Air box ---
265 Float_t aCA[4] = { 1.,12.,55.8,63.5 };
266 Float_t zCA[4] = { 1.,6.,26.,29. };
267 Float_t wCA[4] = { .014,.086,.42,.48 };
268 Float_t dCA = 0.8 ; //this density is raw estimation, if you know better - correct
270 AliMixture(19, "Cables $", aCA, zCA, dCA, -4, wCA) ;
274 Float_t aAir[4]={12.0107,14.0067,15.9994,39.948};
275 Float_t zAir[4]={6.,7.,8.,18.};
276 Float_t wAir[4]={0.000124,0.755267,0.231781,0.012827};
277 Float_t dAir = 1.20479E-3;
279 AliMixture(99, "Air$", aAir, zAir, dAir, 4, wAir) ;
281 // DEFINITION OF THE TRACKING MEDIA
283 // for PHOS: idtmed[699->798] equivalent to fIdtmed[0->100]
284 Int_t * idtmed = fIdtmed->GetArray() - 699 ;
285 Int_t isxfld = gAlice->Field()->Integ() ;
286 Float_t sxmgmx = gAlice->Field()->Max() ;
288 // The scintillator of the calorimeter made of PBW04 -> idtmed[699]
289 AliMedium(0, "PHOS Xtal $", 0, 1,
290 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
292 // The scintillator of the CPV made of Polystyrene scintillator -> idtmed[700]
293 AliMedium(1, "CPV scint. $", 1, 1,
294 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
296 // Various Aluminium parts made of Al -> idtmed[701]
297 AliMedium(2, "Al parts $", 2, 0,
298 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.001, 0.001, 0, 0) ;
300 // The Tywek which wraps the calorimeter crystals -> idtmed[702]
301 AliMedium(3, "Tyvek wrapper$", 3, 0,
302 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.001, 0.001, 0, 0) ;
304 // The Polystyrene foam around the calorimeter module -> idtmed[703]
305 AliMedium(4, "Polyst. foam $", 4, 0,
306 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
308 // The Titanium around the calorimeter crystal -> idtmed[704]
309 AliMedium(5, "Titan. cover $", 5, 0,
310 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.0001, 0.0001, 0, 0) ;
312 // The Silicon of the pin diode to read out the calorimeter crystal -> idtmed[705]
313 AliMedium(6, "Si PIN $", 6, 0,
314 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.01, 0, 0) ;
316 // The thermo insulating material of the box which contains the calorimeter module -> idtmed[706]
317 AliMedium(7, "Thermo Insul.$", 7, 0,
318 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
320 // The Textolit which makes up the box which contains the calorimeter module -> idtmed[707]
321 AliMedium(8, "Textolit $", 8, 0,
322 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
324 // FR4: The Plastic which makes up the frame of micromegas -> idtmed[708]
325 AliMedium(9, "FR4 $", 9, 0,
326 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.0001, 0, 0) ;
329 // The Composite Material for micromegas -> idtmed[709]
330 AliMedium(10, "CompoMat $", 10, 0,
331 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
333 // Copper -> idtmed[710]
334 AliMedium(11, "Copper $", 11, 0,
335 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.0001, 0, 0) ;
337 // G10: Printed Circuit material -> idtmed[711]
339 AliMedium(12, "G10 $", 12, 0,
340 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.01, 0, 0) ;
342 // The Lead -> idtmed[712]
344 AliMedium(13, "Lead $", 13, 0,
345 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
347 // The gas mixture: ArCo2 -> idtmed[715]
349 AliMedium(16, "ArCo2 $", 16, 1,
350 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.01, 0, 0) ;
352 // Stainless steel -> idtmed[716]
353 AliMedium(17, "Steel $", 17, 0,
354 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.0001, 0, 0) ;
356 // Fibergalss -> idtmed[717]
357 AliMedium(18, "Fiberglass$", 18, 0,
358 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
360 // Cables in air -> idtmed[718]
361 AliMedium(19, "Cables $", 19, 0,
362 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0, 0) ;
364 // Air -> idtmed[798]
365 AliMedium(99, "Air $", 99, 0,
366 isxfld, sxmgmx, 10.0, 1.0, 0.1, 0.1, 10.0, 0, 0) ;
368 // --- Set decent energy thresholds for gamma and electron tracking
370 // Tracking threshold for photons and electrons in the scintillator crystal
371 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[699], "CUTGAM",0.5E-4) ;
372 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[699], "CUTELE",1.0E-4) ;
374 // --- Generate explicitly delta rays in the titan cover ---
375 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[704], "LOSS",3.) ;
376 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[704], "DRAY",1.) ;
377 // --- and in aluminium parts ---
378 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[701], "LOSS",3.) ;
379 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[701], "DRAY",1.) ;
380 // --- and in PIN diode
381 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[705], "LOSS",3) ;
382 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[705], "DRAY",1) ;
383 // --- and in the passive convertor
384 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[712], "LOSS",3) ;
385 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[712], "DRAY",1) ;
386 // Tracking threshold for photons and electrons in the gas ArC02
387 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTGAM",1.E-5) ;
388 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTELE",1.E-5) ;
389 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTNEU",1.E-5) ;
390 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTHAD",1.E-5) ;
391 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "CUTMUO",1.E-5) ;
392 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "BCUTE",1.E-5) ;
393 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "BCUTM",1.E-5) ;
394 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "DCUTE",1.E-5) ;
395 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "DCUTM",1.E-5) ;
396 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "PPCUTM",1.E-5) ;
397 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "LOSS",2.) ;
398 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "DRAY",0.) ;
399 gMC->Gstpar(idtmed[715], "STRA",2.) ;
403 //____________________________________________________________________________
404 void AliPHOS::Digits2Raw()
406 // convert digits of the current event to raw data
408 AliPHOSLoader * loader = dynamic_cast<AliPHOSLoader*>(fLoader) ;
411 loader->LoadDigits();
412 TClonesArray* digits = loader->Digits() ;
415 AliError(Form("No digits found !"));
420 loader->LoadDigitizer();
421 AliPHOSDigitizer * digitizer = dynamic_cast<AliPHOSDigitizer *>(loader->Digitizer()) ;
424 AliPHOSGeometry* geom = GetGeometry();
426 AliError(Form("No geometry found !"));
430 // some digitization constants
431 const Int_t kDDLOffset = 0x600; // assigned to PHOS
432 const Int_t kThreshold = 1; // skip digits below this threshold
434 AliAltroBuffer* buffer = NULL;
436 Int_t adcValuesLow[fkTimeBins];
437 Int_t adcValuesHigh[fkTimeBins];
439 // loop over digits (assume ordered digits)
440 for (Int_t iDigit = 0; iDigit < digits->GetEntries(); iDigit++) {
441 AliPHOSDigit* digit = dynamic_cast<AliPHOSDigit *>(digits->At(iDigit)) ;
442 if (digit->GetAmp() < kThreshold)
445 geom->AbsToRelNumbering(digit->GetId(), relId);
446 Int_t module = relId[0];
450 continue; // ignore digits from CPV
453 // PHOS EMCA has 4 DDL per module. Splitting is done based on the row number
454 Int_t iDDL = 4 * (module - 1) + (4 * (relId[2] - 1)) / geom->GetNPhi();
457 if (iDDL != prevDDL) {
458 // write real header and close previous file
461 buffer->WriteDataHeader(kFALSE, kFALSE);
465 // open new file and write dummy header
466 TString fileName("PHOS_") ;
467 fileName += (iDDL + kDDLOffset) ;
469 buffer = new AliAltroBuffer(fileName.Data(), 1);
470 buffer->WriteDataHeader(kTRUE, kFALSE); //Dummy;
475 // out of time range signal (?)
476 if (digit->GetTimeR() > GetRawFormatTimeMax() ) {
477 buffer->FillBuffer(digit->GetAmp());
478 buffer->FillBuffer(GetRawFormatTimeBins() ); // time bin
479 buffer->FillBuffer(3); // bunch length
480 buffer->WriteTrailer(3, relId[3], relId[2], module); // trailer
482 // calculate the time response function
484 Double_t energy = 0 ;
485 if ( digit->GetId() <= geom->GetNModules() * geom->GetNCristalsInModule())
486 energy = digit->GetAmp() * digitizer->GetEMCchannel() + digitizer->GetEMCpedestal() ;
488 energy = digit->GetAmp() * digitizer->GetCPVchannel() + digitizer->GetCPVpedestal() ;
490 Bool_t lowgain = RawSampledResponse(digit->GetTimeR(), energy, adcValuesHigh, adcValuesLow) ;
493 buffer->WriteChannel(relId[3], relId[2], module + fLowGainOffset,
494 GetRawFormatTimeBins(), adcValuesLow, kThreshold);
496 buffer->WriteChannel(relId[3], relId[2], module,
497 GetRawFormatTimeBins(), adcValuesHigh, kThreshold);
502 // write real header and close last file
505 buffer->WriteDataHeader(kFALSE, kFALSE);
509 loader->UnloadDigits();
512 //____________________________________________________________________________
513 void AliPHOS::Hits2SDigits()
515 // create summable digits
517 AliPHOSSDigitizer phosDigitizer(fLoader->GetRunLoader()->GetFileName().Data()) ;
518 phosDigitizer.SetEventRange(0, -1) ; // do all the events
519 phosDigitizer.ExecuteTask("all") ;
522 //____________________________________________________________________________
523 AliLoader* AliPHOS::MakeLoader(const char* topfoldername)
525 //different behaviour than standard (singleton getter)
526 // --> to be discussed and made eventually coherent
527 fLoader = new AliPHOSLoader(GetName(),topfoldername);
531 //__________________________________________________________________
532 Double_t AliPHOS::RawResponseFunction(Double_t *x, Double_t *par)
534 // Shape of the electronics raw reponse:
535 // It is a semi-gaussian, 2nd order Gamma function of the general form
536 // v(t) = n**n * Q * A**n / C *(t/tp)**n * exp(-n * t/tp) with
537 // tp : peaking time par[0]
538 // n : order of the function
539 // C : integrating capacitor in the preamplifier
540 // A : open loop gain of the preamplifier
541 // Q : the total APD charge to be measured Q = C * energy
544 Double_t xx = x[0] - ( fgTimeTrigger + par[3] ) ;
546 if (xx < 0 || xx > fgTimeMax)
549 Double_t fac = par[0] * TMath::Power(fgOrder, fgOrder) * TMath::Power(par[1], fgOrder) / fgCapa ;
550 signal = fac * par[2] * TMath::Power(xx / fgTimePeak, fgOrder) * TMath::Exp(-fgOrder * (xx / fgTimePeak)) ;
555 //__________________________________________________________________
556 Double_t AliPHOS::RawResponseFunctionMax(Double_t charge, Double_t gain)
558 return ( charge * TMath::Power(fgOrder, fgOrder) * TMath::Power(gain, fgOrder)
559 / ( fgCapa * TMath::Exp(fgOrder) ) );
563 //__________________________________________________________________
564 Bool_t AliPHOS::RawSampledResponse(const Double_t dtime, const Double_t damp, Int_t * adcH, Int_t * adcL) const
566 // for a start time dtime and an amplitude damp given by digit,
567 // calculates the raw sampled response AliPHOS::RawResponseFunction
569 const Int_t kRawSignalOverflow = 0x3FF ;
570 Bool_t lowGain = kFALSE ;
572 TF1 signalF("signal", RawResponseFunction, 0, GetRawFormatTimeMax(), 4);
574 for (Int_t iTime = 0; iTime < GetRawFormatTimeBins(); iTime++) {
575 signalF.SetParameter(0, GetRawFormatHighCharge() ) ;
576 signalF.SetParameter(1, GetRawFormatHighGain() ) ;
577 signalF.SetParameter(2, damp) ;
578 signalF.SetParameter(3, dtime) ;
579 Double_t time = iTime * GetRawFormatTimeMax() / GetRawFormatTimeBins() ;
580 Double_t signal = signalF.Eval(time) ;
581 if ( static_cast<Int_t>(signal+0.5) > kRawSignalOverflow ){ // larger than 10 bits
582 signal = kRawSignalOverflow ;
585 adcH[iTime] = static_cast<Int_t>(signal + 0.5) ;
587 signalF.SetParameter(0, GetRawFormatLowCharge() ) ;
588 signalF.SetParameter(1, GetRawFormatLowGain() ) ;
589 signal = signalF.Eval(time) ;
590 if ( static_cast<Int_t>(signal+0.5) > kRawSignalOverflow) // larger than 10 bits
591 signal = kRawSignalOverflow ;
592 adcL[iTime] = static_cast<Int_t>(0.5 + signal ) ;
598 //____________________________________________________________________________
599 void AliPHOS::SetTreeAddress()
601 // Links Hits in the Tree to Hits array
604 sprintf(branchname,"%s",GetName());
605 // Branch address for hit tree
606 TTree *treeH = TreeH();
608 branch = treeH->GetBranch(branchname);
611 if (fHits == 0x0) fHits= new TClonesArray("AliPHOSHit",1000);
612 //AliInfo(Form("<%s> Setting Hits Address",GetName()));
613 branch->SetAddress(&fHits);