1 /**************************************************************************
2 * Copyright(c) 1998-1999, ALICE Experiment at CERN, All rights reserved. *
4 * Author: The ALICE Off-line Project. *
5 * Contributors are mentioned in the code where appropriate. *
7 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its *
8 * documentation strictly for non-commercial purposes is hereby granted *
9 * without fee, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all *
10 * copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission notice *
11 * appear in the supporting documentation. The authors make no claims *
12 * about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is *
13 * provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. *
14 **************************************************************************/
21 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
22 // This class is a base class for the ITS geometry version 11. It
23 // contains common/standard functions used in many places in defining
24 // the ITS geometry, version 11. Large posions of the ITS geometry,
25 // version 11, should be derived from this class so as to make maximum
26 // use of these common functions. This class also defines the proper
27 // conversion valuse such, to cm and degrees, such that the most usefull
28 // units, those used in the Engineering drawings, can be used.
29 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
32 #include <Riostream.h>
36 #include <TGeoTube.h> // contaings TGeoTubeSeg
38 #include <TPolyMarker.h>
39 #include <TPolyLine.h>
40 #include "AliITSv11Geometry.h"
42 ClassImp(AliITSv11Geometry)
45 const Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::fgkmm = 0.10;
46 const Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::fgkcm = 1.00;
47 const Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::fgkDegree = 1.0;
48 const Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::fgkRadian = 180./3.14159265358979323846;
50 //______________________________________________________________________
51 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::Yfrom2Points(Double_t x0,Double_t y0,
52 Double_t x1,Double_t y1,
54 // Given the two points (x0,y0) and (x1,y1) and the location x, returns
55 // the value y corresponding to that point x on the line defined by the
58 // Double_t x0 The first x value defining the line
59 // Double_t y0 The first y value defining the line
60 // Double_t x1 The second x value defining the line
61 // Double_t y1 The second y value defining the line
62 // Double_t x The x value for which the y value is wanted.
66 // The value y corresponding to the point x on the line defined by
67 // the two points (x0,y0) and (x1,y1).
69 if(x0==x1 && y0==y1) {
70 printf("Error: AliITSv11Geometry::Yfrom2Ponts The two points are "
71 "the same (%e,%e) and (%e,%e)",x0,y0,x1,y1);
75 printf("Warning: AliITSv11Geometry::Yfrom2Points x0=%e == x1=%e. "
76 "line vertical ""returning mean y",x0,x1);
79 Double_t m = (y0-y1)/(x0-x1);
82 //______________________________________________________________________
83 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::Xfrom2Points(Double_t x0,Double_t y0,
84 Double_t x1,Double_t y1,
86 // Given the two points (x0,y0) and (x1,y1) and the location y, returns
87 // the value x corresponding to that point y on the line defined by the
90 // Double_t x0 The first x value defining the line
91 // Double_t y0 The first y value defining the line
92 // Double_t x1 The second x value defining the line
93 // Double_t y1 The second y value defining the line
94 // Double_t y The y value for which the x value is wanted.
98 // The value x corresponding to the point y on the line defined by
99 // the two points (x0,y0) and (x1,y1).
101 if(x0==x1 && y0==y1) {
102 printf("Error: AliITSv11Geometry::Yfrom2Ponts The two points are "
103 "the same (%e,%e) and (%e,%e)",x0,y0,x1,y1);
107 printf("Warrning: AliITSv11Geometry::Yfrom2Points y0=%e == y1=%e. "
108 "line horizontal returning mean x",y0,y1);
111 Double_t m = (x0-x1)/(y0-y1);
114 //______________________________________________________________________
115 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::RmaxFrom2Points(const TGeoPcon *p,Int_t i1,
116 Int_t i2,Double_t z)const{
117 // functions Require at parts of Volume A to be already defined.
118 // Retruns the value of Rmax corresponding to point z alone the line
119 // defined by the two points p.Rmax(i1),p-GetZ(i1) and p->GetRmax(i2),
122 // TGeoPcon *p The Polycone where the two points come from
125 // Double_t z The value of z for which Rmax is to be found
129 // Double_t Rmax the value corresponding to z
132 d0 = p->GetRmax(i1)-p->GetRmax(i2);// cout <<"L263: d0="<<d0<<endl;
133 d1 = z-p->GetZ(i2);// cout <<"L264: d1="<<d1<<endl;
134 d2 = p->GetZ(i1)-p->GetZ(i2);// cout <<"L265: d2="<<d2<<endl;
135 r = p->GetRmax(i2) + d1*d0/d2;// cout <<"L266: r="<<r<<endl;
138 //______________________________________________________________________
139 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::RminFrom2Points(const TGeoPcon *p,Int_t i1,
140 Int_t i2,Double_t z)const{
141 // Retruns the value of Rmin corresponding to point z alone the line
142 // defined by the two points p->GetRmin(i1),p->GetZ(i1) and
143 // p->GetRmin(i2), p->GetZ(i2).
145 // TGeoPcon *p The Polycone where the two points come from
148 // Double_t z The value of z for which Rmax is to be found
152 // Double_t Rmax the value corresponding to z
154 return p->GetRmin(i2)+(p->GetRmin(i1)-p->GetRmin(i2))*(z-p->GetZ(i2))/
155 (p->GetZ(i1)-p->GetZ(i2));
157 //______________________________________________________________________
158 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::RFrom2Points(const Double_t *p,const Double_t *az,
159 Int_t i1,Int_t i2,Double_t z)const{
160 // Retruns the value of Rmin corresponding to point z alone the line
161 // defined by the two points p->GetRmin(i1),p->GetZ(i1) and
162 // p->GetRmin(i2), p->GetZ(i2).
164 // Double_t az Array of z values
165 // Double_t r Array of r values
166 // Int_t i1 First Point in arrays
167 // Int_t i2 Second Point in arrays
168 // Double_t z Value z at which r is to be found
172 // The value r corresponding to z and the line defined by the two points
174 return p[i2]+(p[i1]-p[i2])*(z-az[i2])/(az[i1]-az[i2]);
176 //______________________________________________________________________
177 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::Zfrom2MinPoints(const TGeoPcon *p,Int_t i1,
178 Int_t i2,Double_t r)const{
179 // Retruns the value of Z corresponding to point R alone the line
180 // defined by the two points p->GetRmin(i1),p->GetZ(i1) and
181 // p->GetRmin(i2),p->GetZ(i2)
183 // TGeoPcon *p The Poly cone where the two points come from.
184 // Int_t i1 First Point in arrays
185 // Int_t i2 Second Point in arrays
186 // Double_t r Value r min at which z is to be found
190 // The value z corresponding to r min and the line defined by
193 return p->GetZ(i2)+(p->GetZ(i1)-p->GetZ(i2))*(r-p->GetRmin(i2))/
194 (p->GetRmin(i1)-p->GetRmin(i2));
196 //______________________________________________________________________
197 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::Zfrom2MaxPoints(const TGeoPcon *p,Int_t i1,
198 Int_t i2,Double_t r)const{
199 // Retruns the value of Z corresponding to point R alone the line
200 // defined by the two points p->GetRmax(i1),p->GetZ(i1) and
201 // p->GetRmax(i2),p->GetZ(i2)
203 // TGeoPcon *p The Poly cone where the two points come from.
204 // Int_t i1 First Point in arrays
205 // Int_t i2 Second Point in arrays
206 // Double_t r Value r max at which z is to be found
210 // The value z corresponding to r max and the line defined by
213 return p->GetZ(i2)+(p->GetZ(i1)-p->GetZ(i2))*(r-p->GetRmax(i2))/
214 (p->GetRmax(i1)-p->GetRmax(i2));
216 //______________________________________________________________________
217 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::Zfrom2Points(const Double_t *z,const Double_t *ar,
218 Int_t i1,Int_t i2,Double_t r)const{
219 // Retruns the value of z corresponding to point R alone the line
220 // defined by the two points p->GetRmax(i1),p->GetZ(i1) and
221 // p->GetRmax(i2),p->GetZ(i2)
223 // Double_t z Array of z values
224 // Double_t ar Array of r values
225 // Int_t i1 First Point in arrays
226 // Int_t i2 Second Point in arrays
227 // Double_t r Value r at which z is to be found
231 // The value z corresponding to r and the line defined by the two points
233 return z[i2]+(z[i1]-z[i2])*(r-ar[i2])/(ar[i1]-ar[i2]);
235 //______________________________________________________________________
236 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::RmaxFromZpCone(const TGeoPcon *p,int ip,
237 Double_t tc,Double_t z,
239 // General Outer Cone surface equation Rmax.
241 // TGeoPcon *p The poly cone where the initial point comes from
242 // Int_t ip The index in p to get the point location
243 // Double_t tc The angle of that part of the cone is at
244 // Double_t z The value of z to compute Rmax from
245 // Double_t th The perpendicular distance the parralell line is
246 // from the point ip.
250 // The value Rmax correstponding to the line at angle th, offeset by
251 // th, and the point p->GetZ/Rmin[ip] at the location z.
252 Double_t tantc = TMath::Tan(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
253 Double_t costc = TMath::Cos(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
255 return -tantc*(z-p->GetZ(ip))+p->GetRmax(ip)+th/costc;
257 //______________________________________________________________________
258 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::RFromZpCone(const Double_t *ar,
259 const Double_t *az,int ip,
260 Double_t tc,Double_t z,
262 // General Cone surface equation R(z).
264 // Double_t ar The array of R values
265 // Double_t az The array of Z values
266 // Int_t ip The index in p to get the point location
267 // Double_t tc The angle of that part of the cone is at
268 // Double_t z The value of z to compute R from
269 // Double_t th The perpendicular distance the parralell line is
270 // from the point ip.
274 // The value R correstponding to the line at angle th, offeset by
275 // th, and the point p->GetZ/Rmax[ip] at the locatin z.
276 Double_t tantc = TMath::Tan(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
277 Double_t costc = TMath::Cos(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
279 return -tantc*(z-az[ip])+ar[ip]+th/costc;
281 //______________________________________________________________________
282 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::RminFromZpCone(const TGeoPcon *p,Int_t ip,
283 Double_t tc,Double_t z,
285 // General Inner Cone surface equation Rmin.
287 // TGeoPcon *p The poly cone where the initial point comes from
288 // Int_t ip The index in p to get the point location
289 // Double_t tc The angle of that part of the cone is at
290 // Double_t z The value of z to compute Rmin from
291 // Double_t th The perpendicular distance the parralell line is
292 // from the point ip.
296 // The value Rmin correstponding to the line at angle th, offeset by
297 // th, and the point p->GetZ/Rmin[ip] at the location z.
298 Double_t tantc = TMath::Tan(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
299 Double_t costc = TMath::Cos(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
301 return -tantc*(z-p->GetZ(ip))+p->GetRmin(ip)+th/costc;
303 //______________________________________________________________________
304 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::ZFromRmaxpCone(const TGeoPcon *p,int ip,
305 Double_t tc,Double_t r,
307 // General Outer cone Surface equation for z.
309 // TGeoPcon *p The poly cone where the initial point comes from
310 // Int_t ip The index in p to get the point location
311 // Double_t tc The angle of that part of the cone is at
312 // Double_t r The value of Rmax to compute z from
313 // Double_t th The perpendicular distance the parralell line is
314 // from the point ip.
318 // The value Z correstponding to the line at angle th, offeset by
319 // th, and the point p->GetZ/Rmax[ip] at the location r.
320 Double_t tantc = TMath::Tan(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
321 Double_t costc = TMath::Cos(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
323 return p->GetZ(ip)+(p->GetRmax(ip)+th/costc-r)/tantc;
325 //______________________________________________________________________
326 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::ZFromRmaxpCone(const Double_t *ar,
327 const Double_t *az,int ip,
328 Double_t tc,Double_t r,
330 // General Outer cone Surface equation for z.
332 // Double_t ar The array of R values
333 // Double_t az The array of Z values
334 // Int_t ip The index in p to get the point location
335 // Double_t tc The angle of that part of the cone is at
336 // Double_t r The value of Rmax to compute z from
337 // Double_t th The perpendicular distance the parralell line is
338 // from the point ip.
342 // The value Z correstponding to the line at angle th, offeset by
343 // th, and the point p->GetZ/Rmax[ip] at the locatin r.
344 Double_t tantc = TMath::Tan(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
345 Double_t costc = TMath::Cos(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
347 return az[ip]+(ar[ip]+th/costc-r)/tantc;
349 //______________________________________________________________________
350 Double_t AliITSv11Geometry::ZFromRminpCone(const TGeoPcon *p,int ip,
351 Double_t tc,Double_t r,
353 // General Inner cone Surface equation for z.
355 // TGeoPcon *p The poly cone where the initial point comes from
356 // Int_t ip The index in p to get the point location
357 // Double_t tc The angle of that part of the cone is at
358 // Double_t r The value of Rmin to compute z from
359 // Double_t th The perpendicular distance the parralell line is
360 // from the point ip.
364 // The value Z correstponding to the line at angle th, offeset by
365 // th, and the point p->GetZ/Rmin[ip] at the location r.
366 Double_t tantc = TMath::Tan(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
367 Double_t costc = TMath::Cos(tc*TMath::DegToRad());
369 return p->GetZ(ip)+(p->GetRmin(ip)+th/costc-r)/tantc;
371 //______________________________________________________________________
372 void AliITSv11Geometry::RadiusOfCurvature(Double_t rc,Double_t theta0,
373 Double_t z0,Double_t r0,
374 Double_t theta1,Double_t &z1,
376 // Given a initial point z0,r0, the initial angle theta0, and the radius
377 // of curvature, returns the point z1, r1 at the angle theta1. Theta
378 // measured from the r axis in the clock wise direction [degrees].
380 // Double_t rc The radius of curvature
381 // Double_t theta0 The starting angle (degrees)
382 // Double_t z0 The value of z at theta0
383 // Double_t r0 The value of r at theta0
384 // Double_t theta1 The ending angle (degrees)
386 // Double_t &z1 The value of z at theta1
387 // Double_t &r1 The value of r at theta1
391 z1 = rc*(TMath::Sin(theta1*TMath::DegToRad())-TMath::Sin(theta0*TMath::DegToRad()))+z0;
392 r1 = rc*(TMath::Cos(theta1*TMath::DegToRad())-TMath::Cos(theta0*TMath::DegToRad()))+r0;
395 //______________________________________________________________________
396 void AliITSv11Geometry::InsidePoint(const TGeoPcon *p,Int_t i1,Int_t i2,
397 Int_t i3,Double_t c,TGeoPcon *q,Int_t j1,
399 // Given two lines defined by the points i1, i2,i3 in the TGeoPcon
400 // class p that intersect at point p->GetZ(i2) return the point z,r
401 // that is Cthick away in the TGeoPcon class q. If points i1=i2
402 // and max == kTRUE, then p->GetRmin(i1) and p->GetRmax(i2) are used.
403 // if points i2=i3 and max=kTRUE then points p->GetRmax(i2) and
404 // p->GetRmin(i3) are used. If i2=i3 and max=kFALSE, then p->GetRmin(i2)
405 // and p->GetRmax(i3) are used.
407 // TGeoPcon *p Class where points i1, i2, and i3 are taken from
408 // Int_t i1 First point in class p
409 // Int_t i2 Second point in class p
410 // Int_t i3 Third point in class p
411 // Double_t c Distance inside the outer surface/inner suface
412 // that the point j1 is to be computed for.
413 // TGeoPcon *q Pointer to class for results to be put into.
414 // Int_t j1 Point in class q where data is to be stored.
415 // Bool_t max if kTRUE, then a Rmax value is computed,
416 // else a Rmin valule is computed.
418 // TGeoPcon *q Pointer to class for results to be put into.
421 Double_t x0,y0,x1,y1,x2,y2,x,y;
424 c = -c; //cout <<"L394 c="<<c<<endl;
426 if(i1==i2) y0 = p->GetRmin(i1); //cout <<"L396 y0="<<y0<<endl;
427 y1 = p->GetRmax(i2); //cout <<"L397 y1="<<y1<<endl;
428 y2 = p->GetRmax(i3); //cout <<"L398 y2="<<y2<<endl;
429 if(i2==i3) y2 = p->GetRmin(i3); //cout <<"L399 y2="<<y2<<endl;
431 y0 = p->GetRmin(i1); //cout <<"L401 y0="<<y0<<endl;
432 y1 = p->GetRmin(i2); //cout <<"L402 y1="<<y1<<endl;
434 if(i2==i3) y2 = p->GetRmax(i3); //cout <<"L404 y2="<<y2<<endl;
436 x0 = p->GetZ(i1); //cout <<"L406 x0="<<x0<<endl;
437 x1 = p->GetZ(i2); //cout <<"L407 x1="<<x1<<endl;
438 x2 = p->GetZ(i3); //cout <<"L408 x2="<<x2<<endl;
440 InsidePoint(x0,y0,x1,y1,x2,y2,c,x,y);
442 if(max) q->Rmax(j1) = y;
443 else q->Rmin(j1) = y;
446 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
447 void AliITSv11Geometry::InsidePoint(Double_t x0,Double_t y0,
448 Double_t x1,Double_t y1,
449 Double_t x2,Double_t y2,Double_t c,
450 Double_t &x,Double_t &y)const{
451 // Given two intersecting lines defined by the points (x0,y0), (x1,y1) and
452 // (x1,y1), (x1,y2) {intersecting at (x1,y1)} the point (x,y) a distance
453 // c away is returned such that two lines a distance c away from the
454 // lines defined above intersect at (x,y).
456 // Double_t x0 X point on the first intersecting sets of lines
457 // Double_t y0 Y point on the first intersecting sets of lines
458 // Double_t x1 X point on the first/second intersecting sets of lines
459 // Double_t y1 Y point on the first/second intersecting sets of lines
460 // Double_t x2 X point on the second intersecting sets of lines
461 // Double_t y2 Y point on the second intersecting sets of lines
462 // Double_t c Distance the two sets of lines are from each other
464 // Double_t x X point for the intersecting sets of parellel lines
465 // Double_t y Y point for the intersecting sets of parellel lines
468 Double_t dx01,dx12,dy01,dy12,r01,r12,m;
469 dx01 = x0-x1; //cout <<"L410 dx01="<<dx01<<endl;
470 dx12 = x1-x2; //cout <<"L411 dx12="<<dx12<<endl;
471 dy01 = y0-y1; //cout <<"L412 dy01="<<dy01<<endl;
472 dy12 = y1-y2; //cout <<"L413 dy12="<<dy12<<endl;
473 r01 = TMath::Sqrt(dy01*dy01+dx01*dx01); //cout <<"L414 r01="<<r01<<endl;
474 r12 = TMath::Sqrt(dy12*dy12+dx12*dx12); //cout <<"L415 r12="<<r12<<endl;
475 m = dx12*dy01-dy12*dx01;
476 if(m*m<DBL_EPSILON){ // m == n
477 if(dy01==0.0){ // line are =
478 x = x1+c; //cout <<"L419 x="<<x<<endl;
479 y = y1; //cout <<"L420 y="<<y<<endl;
485 }else{ // dx01!=0 and dy01 !=0.
486 x = x1-0.5*c*r01/dy01; //cout <<"L434 x="<<x<<endl;
487 y = y1+0.5*c*r01/dx01; //cout <<"L435 y="<<y<<endl;
491 x = x1+c*(dx12*r01-dx01*r12)/m; //cout <<"L442 x="<<x<<endl;
492 y = y1+c*(dy12*r01-dy01*r12)/m; //cout <<"L443 y="<<y<<endl;
493 //cout <<"=============================================="<<endl;
496 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
497 void AliITSv11Geometry:: PrintArb8(const TGeoArb8 *a)const{
498 // Prints out the content of the TGeoArb8. Usefull for debugging.
506 if(!GetDebug()) return;
507 printf("%s",a->GetName());
511 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
512 void AliITSv11Geometry:: PrintPcon(const TGeoPcon *a)const{
513 // Prints out the content of the TGeoPcon. Usefull for debugging.
521 if(!GetDebug()) return;
522 cout << a->GetName() << ": N=" << a->GetNz() << " Phi1=" << a->GetPhi1()
523 << ", Dphi=" << a->GetDphi() << endl;
524 cout << "i\t Z \t Rmin \t Rmax" << endl;
525 for(Int_t iii=0;iii<a->GetNz();iii++){
526 cout << iii << "\t" << a->GetZ(iii) << "\t" << a->GetRmin(iii)
527 << "\t" << a->GetRmax(iii) << endl;
531 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
532 void AliITSv11Geometry::PrintTube(const TGeoTube *a)const{
533 // Prints out the content of the TGeoTube. Usefull for debugging.
541 if(!GetDebug()) return;
542 cout << a->GetName() <<": Rmin="<<a->GetRmin()
543 <<" Rmax=" <<a->GetRmax()<<" Dz="<<a->GetDz()<<endl;
546 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
547 void AliITSv11Geometry::PrintTubeSeg(const TGeoTubeSeg *a)const{
548 // Prints out the content of the TGeoTubeSeg. Usefull for debugging.
556 if(!GetDebug()) return;
557 cout << a->GetName() <<": Phi1="<<a->GetPhi1()<<
558 " Phi2="<<a->GetPhi2()<<" Rmin="<<a->GetRmin()
559 <<" Rmax=" <<a->GetRmax()<<" Dz="<<a->GetDz()<<endl;
562 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
563 void AliITSv11Geometry::PrintConeSeg(const TGeoConeSeg *a)const{
564 // Prints out the content of the TGeoConeSeg. Usefull for debugging.
572 if(!GetDebug()) return;
573 cout << a->GetName() <<": Phi1="<<a->GetPhi1()<<
574 " Phi2="<<a->GetPhi2()<<" Rmin1="<<a->GetRmin1()
575 <<" Rmax1=" <<a->GetRmax1()<<" Rmin2="<<a->GetRmin2()
576 <<" Rmax2=" <<a->GetRmax2()<<" Dz="<<a->GetDz()<<endl;
579 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
580 void AliITSv11Geometry::PrintBBox(const TGeoBBox *a)const{
581 // Prints out the content of the TGeoBBox. Usefull for debugging.
589 if(!GetDebug()) return;
590 cout << a->GetName() <<": Dx="<<a->GetDX()<<
591 " Dy="<<a->GetDY()<<" Dz="<<a->GetDZ() <<endl;
594 //---------------------------------------------------------------------
595 void AliITSv11Geometry::DrawCrossSection(const TGeoPcon *p,
596 Int_t fillc,Int_t fills,
597 Int_t linec,Int_t lines,Int_t linew,
598 Int_t markc,Int_t marks,Float_t marksize)const{
599 // Draws a cross sectional view of the TGeoPcon, Primarily for debugging.
600 // A TCanvas should exist first.
602 // TGeoPcon *p The TGeoPcon to be "drawn"
603 // Int_t fillc The fill color to be used
604 // Int_t fills The fill style to be used
605 // Int_t linec The line color to be used
606 // Int_t lines The line style to be used
607 // Int_t linew The line width to be used
608 // Int_t markc The markder color to be used
609 // Int_t marks The markder style to be used
610 // Float_t marksize The marker size
628 r[i] = p->GetRmax(i);
629 z[i+n] = p->GetZ(n-1-i);
630 r[i+n] = p->GetRmin(n-1-i);
635 line = new TPolyLine(n,z,r);
636 pts = new TPolyMarker(n,z,r);
638 line->SetFillColor(fillc);
639 line->SetFillStyle(fills);
640 line->SetLineColor(linec);
641 line->SetLineStyle(lines);
642 line->SetLineWidth(linew);
643 pts->SetMarkerColor(markc);
644 pts->SetMarkerStyle(marks);
645 pts->SetMarkerSize(marksize);
654 cout<<"Hit Return to continue"<<endl;
660 //----------------------------------------------------------------------